New Holocene pollen records from the Brazilian Caatinga

Medeiros, Vanda Brito de; Oliveira, Paulo Eduardo de; Santos, Roberta Oliveira; Barreto, Alcina Magnólia Franca; Oliveira, Marcelo Accioly Teixeira de; Pinaya, Jorge Luiz Diaz

doi:10.1590/0001-3765201820170161

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Another possibility is that the arboreal Caatinga is reminiscent of seasonal forests that covered a larger area in the Brazilian semiarid region during the Pleistocene, and wetter phases in the Holocene (Behling et al 2000, Werneck et al 2011, Arruda et al 2018, Bouimetarhan et al 2018, Medeiros et al 2018. Nowadays, they are the result of the combination of vestigial Dry Forest with species of the Caatinga, which have advanced with the dryness increase in the region (Silva and Souza 2018), which justifies its greater distribution in the border region of the Caatinga biome, in contact with Dry Forests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate and soils at the Brazilian semiarid and the forest-Caatinga problem: new insights and implications for conservation

Oliveira

Francelino

Arruda

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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This study aimed to test two hypotheses: (i) on the Brazilian semiarid territory, the climate has greater weight as a driver of vegetation than the soil and; (ii) the arboreal Caatinga is a vegetation whose environmental attributes are similar to the Dry Forest, in terms of soil and climate attributes. We analyzed attributes of the superficial horizon of 156 standardized profiles distributed throughout the Brazilian semiarid region. Bioclimatic variables were obtained from the WorldClim platform and extracted to profiles location. The main vegetation types in the region were considered: Caatinga, arboreal Caatinga, Dry Forest and Cerrado. Variable selection was performed with hierarchical correlation dendrogram and recursive feature elimination algorithm. Linear Discriminant Analysis and Random Forest (RF) algorithm were used for modeling the edaphic and climate niche and predict the vegetation with the selected variables. Climate and soil, individually, were able to separate the vegetation, but the climate was no better predictor than the soil. Therefore, we reject the first hypothesis. However, the better prediction was attained with the combined use of soil and climate attributes. The parsimonious RF model had good performance, with Kappa 0.61±0.10 and 70.9%±7.7% accuracy. The combination of soil and climate predictors resulted in better separation of vegetation in the Brazilian semiarid region. Soil attributes are key variables in large-scale biogeographic modeling. The so-called arboreal Caatinga is distributed over a wide edaphic and climatic range, with strong similarity to the Dry Forest distribution, confirmed by the great overlap in the multivariate space, which confirms the second hypothesis. The results point towards an urgent review of the Atlantic Forest Law. The environments where the arboreal Caatinga and the Dry Forest occur are very similar, so that the former may represent a degraded phase of the Atlantic Forest, currently without the due legal protection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate and soils at the Brazilian semiarid and the forest-Caatinga problem: new insights and implications for conservation

Oliveira

Francelino

Arruda

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…For example, pollen records of the genus Ziziphus indicate that in the period from 10,000 to 6,000 years before present (BP), there were taxa adapted to high humidity conditions. However, drier conditions are assumed to have occurred between 6,400 and 1,800 BP based on the lack of sediment deposits in this timeframe (Medeiros et al 2018). Similarly, the vegetation history of the Caatinga based on peat-bog sediments deposited over > 10,000 years showed that during 10,540-6790 BP, there was a warmer and wetter period evidenced by the prevalence of Mauritia pollen, with the establishment of current climatic conditions and vegetation patterns after 4535 BP (Oliveira et al 1999).…”

Section: Paleoclimate Scenario Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fate of Holoregmia, a monospecific genus endemic to the Brazilian Caatinga, under different future climate scenarios

Rabelo-Costa¹,

Gomes²,

Rocha³

et al. 2022

plecevo

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Background and aims – Climatic fluctuations during the Pleistocene altered the distribution of many species and even entire biomes, allowing some species to increase their range while others underwent reductions. Recent and ongoing anthropogenic climate change is altering climatic patterns very rapidly and is likely to impact species’ distributions over shorter timescales than previous natural fluctuations. Therefore, we aimed to understand how Pleistocene and Holocene climatic fluctuations might have shaped the current distribution of Holoregmia and explore its expected distribution under future climate scenarios. Material and methods – We modelled the potential distribution of Holoregmia viscida (Martyniaceae), a monospecific plant genus endemic to the semi-arid Caatinga Domain in Brazil. We used an ensemble approach to model suitable areas for Holoregmia under present conditions, Paleoclimatic scenarios, and global warming scenarios in 2050 and 2090. Key results – Holocene climates in most Caatinga were too humid for Holoregmia, which restricted its suitable areas to the southern Caatinga, similar to its current distribution. However, under global warming scenarios, the Caatinga is expected to become too dry for this lineage, resulting in a steady decline in the area suitable for Holoregmia and even its possible extinction under the most pessimistic scenario modelled. Conclusion – The predicted extinction of the ancient and highly specialized Holoregmia viscida highlights the possible consequences of climate change for some species of endemic Caatinga flora. Invaluable phylogenetic diversity may be lost in the coming decades, representing millions of years of unique evolutionary history and consequent loss of evolutionary potential to adapt to future environmental changes in semi-arid environments.

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“…Reconstruções através de pólen, carvão e sedimentos terrestres (DE OLIVEIRA, BARRETO E SUGUIO, 1999;SANTOS, JC 2007;PESSENDA et al, 2010;MEDEIROS et al, 2018;DE MORAES, OLIVEIRA E BEHLING 2020), espeleotemas (AULER E SMART, 2001;WANG et al, 2004;CRUZ et al, 2009;NOVELLO et al, 2012;STRIKIS et al, 2015STRIKIS et al, , 2018UTIDA et al, 2020) e sedimentos marinhos (BEHLING et al, 2000;MARTINS et al, 2020;VENANCIO et al, 2020) indicam períodos úmidos na transição entre o Último Máximo Glacial (LGM) e o Holoceno.…”

Section: Atmospheric-ocean Global Circulation Model) E Modelos Do Sistema Terrestre (Esm -Earthunclassified

A distribuição das formações vegetacionais do semiárido brasileiro nos últimos 21.000 anos

Silva¹

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Primeiramente gostaria de agradecer aos meus pais Carlos Cezar e Maria Madalena e meu irmão Samuel, por me proporcionarem todas as ferramentas e suporte possível para desenvolvimento deste mestrado. Sem o apoio familiar nenhuma das minhas conquistas seriam alcançadas. Deixo também meu agradecimento à minha companheira Jéssica, que me forneceu apoio sem fim durante todos estes anos.Gostaria de agradecer ao meu orientador, professor Guilherme, por toda liderança, disposição e paciência para que este trabalho fosse desenvolvido apesar de todas as dificuldades nos últimos anos. Gostaria de agradecer também aos professores Daniel Arruda, Guilherme Oliveira, Elpídio Inácio, Gustavo Veloso e Prímula Viana pelas inúmeras contribuições ao longo do trabalho.Estendo aqui meu enorme obrigado a todos meus colegas de laboratório, pois a convivência diária foi minha energia durante diversos momentos para conclusão.Em especial deixo meu agradecimento ao Gabriel Palucci, Márcio Vêna e Viviane Koch pelo auxílio prestado no trabalho de campo e posterior. Agradeço também a contribuição de todos meus amigos em todos estes anos de mestrado, a citação de cada um deles aqui tornaria a lista extensa e não faria justiça a enorme contribuição emocional, intelectual e muitas vezes metafísica de cada um.Agradeço aos meus professores ao longo desta caminhada, pois cada aula, dica e momento foi de grande valia. Sou grato pela estrutura física fornecida pelas universidades, em especial a UFU, UFV e UFMG que participaram deste trabalho de forma direta. Também deixo registrado o meu agradecimento a cada um dos profissionais envolvidos na confecção das muitas bases de dados utilizadas neste trabalho, disponibilizadas de forma gratuita e facilitada, sem as quais não seria possível a realização dele. Agradeço a CNPQ, CAPES, UFU e IG pelo apoio financeiro e estrutural que me foi concedido. vii RESUMO SILVA, R. C. A distribuição das formações vegetacionais do Semiárido Brasileiro nos últimos 21.000 anos. 2021. 61 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Geografia) -

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New Holocene pollen records from the Brazilian Caatinga

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Climate and soils at the Brazilian semiarid and the forest-Caatinga problem: new insights and implications for conservation

Climate and soils at the Brazilian semiarid and the forest-Caatinga problem: new insights and implications for conservation

The fate of Holoregmia, a monospecific genus endemic to the Brazilian Caatinga, under different future climate scenarios

A distribuição das formações vegetacionais do semiárido brasileiro nos últimos 21.000 anos

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