Hemolytic activity of venom from crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci spines

Lee, Chi-Chiu; Tsai, Wann-Sheng; Hsieh, Hernyi Justin; Hwang, Deng‐Fwu

doi:10.1186/1678-9199-19-22

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It is well known that PLA2 in snake venom are associated with various pathological symptoms in poisonings. Our findings could be compared to the hemolytic activity of the purified PLA2 from crown-of-thorns starfish A. planci spines venom against sheep erythrocytes: In the presence of PC, PLA2 caused hemolysis at a much higher level than in the absence of PC, suggesting that purified PLA2s from A.planci venom were very weak as to direct hemolysis, but exhibited indirect hemolytic activity [27].…”

Section: Indirect Hemolytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 89%

Effect of the Montivipera bornmuelleri snake venom on human blood: coagulation disorders and hemolytic activities

Accary¹,

Rima²,

Kouzayha³

et al. 2014

Open J Hematol

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Viper's venom is a source of biopharmaceutical compounds, hence the need to assess the effect of this animal extract on human blood. Here, we studied the blood coagulation disorders and hemolytic activities of the venom of M. bornmulleri viper. The pro-coagulant and anticoagulant effects are analyzed with venom concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 0.0031 mg/mL. Thus, the PT is way above the normal value indicating an anticoagulant activity whereas for the aPTT, the high concentration of the venom showed an anticoagulant activity, but a pro-coagulant effect was occurred when the venom concentration decreases to 0.05 and/or 0.025 mg/mL. Hemolytic tests, performed in suspension (30% RBCs) and on blood agar plate (5% RBCs), show that an increased concentration of the venom going until 1.6 mg cannot produce a hemolytic effect, even in the presence of Ca 2+ (hemolysis < 0.5%). Also, on the blood agar plate no hemolytic area appeared even with 0.04 mg of the lyophilized venom. Otherwise, the venom was able to induce a low hemolytic activity (hemolysis = 1.3 %) by acting on L-α-PC used as substrate. In this case, the destruction of erythrocytes increased proportionally to the added amount of phospholipids which are hydrolyzed to fatty acids and lysophospholipids (two toxic substances for RBCs), probably due to the presence of PLA2 in the venom and which are known by their ability to hydrolyze lecithin

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Section: Indirect Hemolytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 89%

Effect of the Montivipera bornmuelleri snake venom on human blood: coagulation disorders and hemolytic activities

Accary¹,

Rima²,

Kouzayha³

et al. 2014

Open J Hematol

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“…To determine the amount of haemoglobin released, the absorbance of samples was determined at 590 nm in a GeniosPro microplate reader (Tecan Group Ltd, Mӓnnedorf, Switzerland). The percentage haemolysis was calculated as follows [ 23 ]:

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the Cytotoxic Effect of Different Leaf Extracts from Parinari curatellifolia (Chrysobalanaceae)

Kundishora

Sithole

Mukanganyama

2020

Journal of Toxicology

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Despite plants being a rich source of useful chemical compounds with different pharmacological properties, some of these compounds may be toxic to humans. Parinari curatellifolia, among its other important pharmacological activities, has been shown to have significant antiproliferative activity on cancer cell lines. Toxicity studies are required to determine the safety profile of P. curatellifolia in the consideration of its potential pharmaceutical benefits as a source of lead compounds in cancer therapy. The effects of P. curatellifolia on both the integrity of the erythrocyte membrane and on normal cells were determined. The dried leaf powder of P. curatellifolia was used in serial exhaustive extraction procedures using hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, methanol, and water as solvents in addition to extraction using DCM: methanol in equal ratio. Alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins were isolated from the ethanol extract. The leaf extracts were tested for haemolytic activity on sheep erythrocytes at concentrations of 0.625 to 5 mg/ml. The extracts were also tested for toxicity activity on normal mammalian cells such as the BALB/c mice peritoneal cells using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) at the concentrations of 6.3 to 50 μg/ml. In the haemolysis assays, none of the plant extracts had a significant haemolytic activity with the saponin-enriched extract having the maximum haemolytic activity of 12.2% for a concentration of 5 mg/ml. In the MTT cell viability assay, none of the 11 plant extracts had significant cytotoxicity. The water extract, however, had significant ( p < 0.01 ) proliferative activity towards the murine immune cells at all concentrations. P. curatellifolia leaf extracts were, therefore, not toxic to both erythrocytes and immune cells, and the water extract may have immunostimulatory effects. It is concluded that P. curatellifolia leaf extracts are not toxic in vitro and, therefore, our results support the use of the plant for ethnomedicinal use.

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“…The absorbance (Abs) of haemoglobin released was measured at 590 nm using a Tecan Genios microplate reader (Grödig, Austria). The percentage haemolysis for each sample was calculated using the equation [21]: …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activities, proposed mode of action and cytotoxicity of leaf extracts from Triumfetta welwitschii against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Mombeshora

Mukanganyama

2019

BMC Complement Altern Med

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Background Pseudomonas aeruginosa has become a main cause of Gram-negative infection, particularly in patients with compromised immunity. High rates of resistance to antibiotics are associated with nosocomial infections caused by P. aeruginosa strains. The search for novel antimicrobials has been necessitated by the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in some bacteria Plant-based antimicrobials has great potential to combat microbial infections using a variety of mechanisms. Triumfetta welwitschii plant roots are traditionally used to treat symptoms of diarrhoea and fever, suggesting that it possess antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects. Since research investigating antimicrobial properties of the roots of Triumfetta welwitschii has been explored, there is need to investigate the antimicrobial activity of its leaf extracts in order to probe their prospective use as new antimicrobial agents that can be used to combat nosocomial infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activities, the mode of action and cytotoxicity of T. welwitschii leaf extracts. Method Extracts of T. welwitschii leaves were obtained using eight different solvents, the serial exhaustive extraction method and the cold maceration technique. In vitro antibacterial activity evaluation of the extracts was done on eight bacterial isolates using the broth microdilution method. The mode of action for the most potent extracts was investigated using the rhodamine 6G efflux assay and the propidium iodide-based membrane damage assay. Toxicity of the extracts was evaluated using the haemolytic and MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assays. Results The results showed that acetone, ethanol and dichlorometane: methanol extracts had the most potent antibacterial activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853). All three extracts caused membrane disruption of P. aeruginosa as shown by nucleic acid leakage. All three extracts were unable to inhibit efflux pumps. Conclusion The presence of antibacterial activities and low toxicity shown by the extracts indicates that the plant may be a source of effective antibacterial against some bacterial infections caused by P. aeruginosa. The disruption of membrane integrity is one possible mode of action of antibacterial activity of the potent extracts.

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Hemolytic activity of venom from crown-of-thorns starfish Acanthaster planci spines

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of the Montivipera bornmuelleri snake venom on human blood: coagulation disorders and hemolytic activities

Effect of the Montivipera bornmuelleri snake venom on human blood: coagulation disorders and hemolytic activities

Determination of the Cytotoxic Effect of Different Leaf Extracts from Parinari curatellifolia (Chrysobalanaceae)

Antibacterial activities, proposed mode of action and cytotoxicity of leaf extracts from Triumfetta welwitschii against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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