Humoral immune response in dogs and cats vaccinated against rabies in southeastern Brazil

Albas, Avelino; Picolo, Miléia Ricci; Soares, Célio Nereu; Bachega, Hugo Vagner Ulbano; Tarumoto, Mário Hissamitsu

doi:10.1186/1678-9199-19-17

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Failures in the immunization to RABV were also reported by ALBAS et al (2013) when analyzing the serological response in 834 vaccinated dogs and cats in southeastern Brazil. Only 52.1% of the vaccinated dogs had detectable neutralizing antibodies titers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…In Brazil, official immunization programs were successful in reducing the incidence of the disease, leading to virtual eradication of rabies in most states. Unfortunately, these programs were eventually discontinued, being gradually replaced by voluntary and/or unofficial campaigns/initiatives of immunization (ALBAS et al, 2013). These initiatives are generally isolated, uncoordinated and are not subjected to official/governmental control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibodies against rabies virus in dogs with and without history of vaccination in Santa Maria - RS - Brazil

et al. 2017

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The present study investigated the frequency and magnitude of neutralizing antibodies to rabies virus (RABV) in dogs with and without historic of vaccination in Santa Maria/RS. Group A included serum samples from 440 dogs with recent historic of vaccination against rabies, obtained during the 2015 rabies vaccination campaign. Group B included 300 serum samples from dogs submitted to the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria in 2015, whose historic of rabies vaccination was unknown. Serum samples were submitted to the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) to detect neutralizing antibodies against RABV. In group A, 70.6% (310/440) of the samples had neutralizing antibody titers ≥0.5 international units per milliliter (IU mL-1), considered an indicative of protection against rabies by the World Health Organization. However, approximately 30% of the dogs did not contain antibodies in adequate levels. In group B, 42.3% (127/300) of the samples contained neutralizing antibody titers ≥0.5IU mL-1 and 57.7% (173/300) were negative or contained titers below of the value considered immunized. These results demonstrate that an important proportion of vaccinated dogs (~30%) did not develop adequate antibody levels, mainly those receiving a single vaccine dose. Serologic testing of animals with unknown historic of vaccination revealed relatively low vaccine coverage in the general dog population. Thus, reformulation of immunization strategies - especially the recommendation of a boost vaccination 30 days after the primary dose - and extension of vaccination campaigns are necessary to reach adequate levels and coverage of immunity against RABV in the canine population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibodies against rabies virus in dogs with and without history of vaccination in Santa Maria - RS - Brazil

et al. 2017

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“…Considerably, our results ( Fig.2A) demonstrate a significant difference with a higher prevalence of neutralizing antibodies in vaccinated cats compared to dogs. Similarly, in a study of samples of dogs and cats vaccinated in two cities in Southeastern Brazil, significant differences were found in the development of antibodies between dogs and cats in only one of the cities studied (Albas et al 2013). This finding could explain that the differential response of dogs and cats is mainly mediated by anthropogenic factors such as the vaccination culture and the quality of the vaccination, etc., rather than by a differential biological response between the two species (Moore et al 2015, Tordo et al 2005.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Low level of the immune response against rabies virus in dogs and cats, a cross-sectional study in sheltered animals, Santander, Colombia

2018

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Rabies is an incurable and fatal progressive viral encephalomyelitis that causes approximately 61,000 deaths a year globally mainly by dog bites, which show the importance of anti-rabies vaccination in dogs to achieve elimination of the disease. In Colombia, multiple cases of human rabies transmitted by dogs and cats have been reported since 1999, showing an increased significance of cats in the transmission of rabies, mainly in rabies of wild origin. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the development of neutralizing antibodies in dogs and cats during the mass vaccination campaign of the second half of 2015 in the city of Bucaramanga. For this purpose, a descriptive cross-sectional study with convenience sampling was conducted in 382 dogs and cats (295 dogs, 87 cats), and an evaluation of the humoral immune response of the animals was performed by quantitative ELISA. The prevalence of optimal neutralizing antibodies (>0.5 IU/ml) was only 32.76% (95% CI=28.05-37.46%) in the entire population studied and most of the animals did not have an adequate response to the vaccination, or seroconversion was not detected on them (65.45-95% confidence interval, CI=60.68-70.21%). Significant difference was found between the neutralizing antibody titers in cats and dogs, with a higher neutralizing response in cats. In conclusion, although mass vaccination campaigns for dogs and cats are the most important measure to interrupt virus circulation among the animals, achievement of a good neutralizing immune response in the animals is useful to demonstrate that vaccination has been successful, allowing the maintenance of the required minimum levels of population immunity. These results will allow the implementation of corrective measures in Bucaramanga to achieve better seroconversion rates. Other cities are expected to implement similar seroconversion assessments to verify the quality of effective anti-rabies vaccination in animal populations.

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“…The government should set up monitoring centers for laboratory identification of rabies virus in areas of high incidence in order to prevent its transmission. Latin American countries were almost able to eradicate rabies by strengthening measures against its virus through mass vaccination of dogs, for example [ 12 , 13 ]. These successful experiences suggest that it is possible to fight the disease by means of virus control and prevention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival of a newborn from a pregnant woman with rabies infection

Chen

et al. 2016

J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis

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BackgroundRabies is very common in People’s Republic of China. Each year thousands of people die because of this disease, but rabies diagnosed in pregnancy is very rare.Case PresentationIn this study, we report the case of a pregnant woman who was infected with the rabies virus after a dog bite. The symptoms of rabies appeared in labor and she died after pregnancy. Her baby and husband did not develop the disease.ConclusionThe phenomenon that the newborn infant was healthy may be related to the protective role of placenta in resisting the invasion of the rabies virus or the absence of systemic viremia. The prompt administration of vaccines and anti-rabies immunoglobulin to the infant may have also contributed to his survival.

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Humoral immune response in dogs and cats vaccinated against rabies in southeastern Brazil

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Antibodies against rabies virus in dogs with and without history of vaccination in Santa Maria - RS - Brazil

Antibodies against rabies virus in dogs with and without history of vaccination in Santa Maria - RS - Brazil

Low level of the immune response against rabies virus in dogs and cats, a cross-sectional study in sheltered animals, Santander, Colombia

Survival of a newborn from a pregnant woman with rabies infection

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