Laryngeal Cancer Attributable Factors and the Influence on Survival Rates: A Single Brazilian Institution Experience

Abstract

Introduction Epidemiological studies focused on prognostic factors associated with laryngeal cancer in the Brazilian population are poorly reported in the literature. Objective To evaluate the influence of certain risk factors on the survival rates of patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the larynx. Methods This retrospective study was conducted on adult patients who were admitted to the outpatient clinic of the head and neck department in a tertiary care hospital. Evaluation of the influence of risk factors on the survival rates of patients registered in the hospital with laryngeal SCC was performed based on age, sex, initial stage, time of evolution, habits, educational levels and relapse and death. Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and clinical-demographic data were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method, Log-rank test and Cox regression. Results A total of 107 patients with a mean age of 59.8 years (range 19–81) were included in this study. Stages III and IV were associated with decreased DFS (p = 0.02) and OS (p = 0.02). Smoking patients had a greater period of disease evolution than non-smoking patients (p = 0.003). Alcohol consumption in smokers increased the risk of death by 2.8 (p = 0.002) compared with non-drinking smokers. Male patients presented lower DFS average when compared with female patients (p = 0.04). Conclusion Our study confirms that male gender, smoking habit combined with alcohol consumption, and advanced stages were strongly associated with poor prognosis.

Factors involved in diagnosis delay and poor prognosis in laryngeal squamous carcinoma: a retrospective study about 86 cases

“…16,[18][19][20][21] The diagnosis staging was significantly related to poor diagnosis, as the sooner the diagnosis is mad the sooner the treatment is started and the higher the chances of survival are. 6,10,11,14,22 Smoking and drinking as factors influencing the survival in laryngeal carcinoma, were studied but they had no statistically significant impact on the prognosis in our study neither in other studies, these results does't imply that patients with and without toxic consumption have the same disease progression . 10,11 Seeing the results of all these studies, should make us think about ways, us laryngologists, can diminish the professional delay and raise awareness among younger health care givers on the importance of considering chronic dysphonia as a serious condition that could hide behind it a possible cancer diagnosis; make a full laryngeal examination in patients with risk factors who come into consultation, with or without laryngeal symptoms.…”

“…[5][6][7][8][9][10] Though there was no statistically significant relation between the patients socioeconomical level and the poor access to health care facilities in our study with patients delay, but Kompelli and al, and Ramos and al explained that population with poorer income and access to health care were associated with decreased hazard. 7,11 The diagnosis of laryngeal tumor is in the end made by the consultant and chronic hoarseness is known to be the first symptom to make the practician suspect a laryngeal tumor and even malignancy, in the other hand patients tend to neglect it and this of it as a benign affection that ' s going to resolve spontaneously. 4,8,12 Conversely, when patients take their symptoms seriously and seek medical advice, their condition could be mislabelled.…”

miR-206 Inhibits Laryngeal Carcinoma Cell Multiplication, Migration, and Invasion

“…Tumor invasion and metastasis were the main causes for the poor survival rate of LC patients [4]. It was known that drinking and smoking were the most important risk factors of LC [5]. In addition, some researchers found that the family history of cancer was also a risk factor of LC, suggesting that genetic factors also affected LC progression [6].…”

Role of Clinical-Demographic Data in Survival Rates of Advanced Laryngeal Cancer

“…Lung cancer was the most common distant metastasis, accounting for 53.8% of all metastatic sites. Some studies have reported an association between smoking and survival, and no correlation with alcohol consumption [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. More recently, Girardi et al [ 13 ], in a study on the association of lifestyle habits and clinical data as a prognostic factor of survival for head and neck cancer, did not find any association between smoking and laryngeal cancer survival.…”