Advances in the science and technology of carbon nanotubes and their composites: a review

Thostenson, Erik T.; Z, Ren; Chou, Tsu‐Wei

doi:10.1016/s0266-3538(01)00094-x

Cited by 4,461 publications

(2,040 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Theoretical and experimental studies have shown that these materials possess both excellent mechanical properties, such as elastic moduli as high as 1 TPa and strengths from 10 to 100 times higher than the strongest steel at a fraction of the weight, excellent toughness and superior physical properties, such as thermal conductivity about twice as high as diamond and electric current-carrying capacity 1000 times higher than copper wires [3,4]. Because of these excellent properties, CNTs are considered the ideal type of fibre-like reinforcements for fabrications of composite materials especially electrical contact materials instead of graphite and carbon fibre [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and mechanical properties of CNT/Ag nanocomposites fabricated by spark plasma sintering

Daoush

Lim

Nam

et al. 2012

Journal of Experimental Nanoscience

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Carbon nanotube/silver (CNT/Ag) nanocomposites include CNT volume fraction up to 10 vol.% were prepared by chemical reduction in solution followed by spark plasma sintering. Multiwalled CNTs underwent surface modifications by acid treatments, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy data indicated several functional groups loaded on the CNT surface by acid functionalisation. The acid-treated CNTs were sensitised and activated. Silver was deposited on the surface of the activated CNTs by chemical reduction of alkaline silver nitrate solution at room temperature. The microstructures of the prepared CNT/Ag nanocomposite powders were investigated by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), transmission electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction analysis. The results indicated that the produced CNT/ Ag nanocomposite powders have coated type morphology. The produced CNT/Ag nanocomposite powders were sintered by spark plasma sintering. It was observed from the microstructure investigations of the sintered materials by HRSEM that the CNTs were distributed in the silver matrix with good homogeneity. The hardness and the tensile properties of the produced CNT/Ag nanocomposites were measured. By increasing the volume fraction of CNTs in the silver matrix, the hardness values increased but the elongation values of the prepared CNT/Ag nanocomposites decreased. In addition, the tensile strength was increased by increasing the CNTs volume fraction up to 7.5 vol.%, but the sample composed of 10 vol.% CNT/Ag was fractured before yielding.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and mechanical properties of CNT/Ag nanocomposites fabricated by spark plasma sintering

Daoush

Lim

Nam

et al. 2012

Journal of Experimental Nanoscience

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“…Os nanotubos de carbono possuem um papel muito importante na confecção de compósitos, geralmente usando nanotubos dispersos em polímeros [75][76][77][80][81][82][83] . Nanotubos de carbono são usados como elementos de reforço e também como elementos fundamentais para a nova geração de tecidos têxteis, os chamados tecidos eletrônicos 78 .…”

Section: Aplicações De Nanotubos Funcionalizadosunclassified

Funcionalização de nanotubos de Carbono

Filho

Fagan

2007

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 28/7/06; aceito em 18/1/07; publicado na web em 25/9/07 FUNCTIONALIZATION OF CARBON NANOTUBES. Carbon nanotubes are very stable systems having considerable chemical inertness due to the strong covalent bonds of the carbon atoms on the nanotube surface. Many applications of carbon nanotubes require their chemical modification in order to tune/control their physico-chemical properties. One way of achieving this control is carrying out functionalization processes where atoms and molecules interact (covalent or non-covalent) with the nanotubes. We review some of the progress that has been made in chemical functionalization of carbon nanotubes. Emphasis is given to chemical strategies, the most used techniques, and applications.Keywords: carbon nanotubes; functionalization; nanomaterials. INTRODUÇÃOOs nanomateriais, em geral, são muito importantes porque se diferenciam de forma dramática dos seus precursores "bulk". As propriedades destes materiais são determinadas pelo tamanho e pela morfologia, originando uma fascinante sintonia em suas propriedades físico-químicas. Talvez os exemplos mais claros e ilustrativos desses fenômenos possam ser tomados da ciência do carbono após a descoberta dos fulerenos, em 1985 1 , e dos nanotubos de carbono, em 1991 2 . Os nanotubos de carbono, assunto dessa revisão, são sistemas modelo para a nanociência e a nanotecnologia. Essas novas estruturas de carbono são bastante versáteis para se integrarem a diferentes áreas do conhecimento e são capazes de promover uma inter/multidisciplinaridade muito forte. Hoje, as pesquisas em nanotubos de carbono cruzam as fronteiras da física, da química, das ciências dos materiais, da biologia e desenvolvem-se rapidamente no campo da farmacologia.Os nanotubos de carbono, quanto ao número de camadas, podem ser classificados em duas formas: nanotubos multicamadas ("multi-wall carbon nanotubes -MWNTs") e camada simples ("single-wall carbon nanotubes -SWNTs"). Um tipo especial de MWNT é o nanotubo de parede dupla ("double-wall carbon nanotubes -DWNTs"). Uma ou outra forma de nanotubos apresenta-se mais apropriada dependendo da aplicação desejada. Os MWNTs foram observados pela primeira vez por Iijima 2 , em 1991. Dois anos depois, em contribuições independentes, Iijima e colaboradores 3 no Japão e Bethune e colaboradores 4 nos EUA publicaram simultaneamente a síntese dos SWNTs. Recentemente debate-se a quem devem ser atribuídos os créditos da descoberta dos nanotubos de carbono 5 . Entretanto, não há dúvidas que a área de pesquisa em nanotubos consolida-se após o trabalho de Iijima 2 . A Figura 1 mostra imagens de microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (TEM) de MWNTs, DWNTs e SWNTs. O avanço das pesquisas em nanotubos de carbono foi claramente impulsionado pelo desenvolvimento dos processos de síntese, levando à produção de feixes de nanotubos do tipo SWNT com boa qualidade. Esse avanço foi realizado pelo grupo do Prof. Smalley na Rice University 6 e tornou possível a execução de estudos de microscopia 7,8 e de espectroscopia 9 que permitiram...

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“…In addition, these materials exhibit proper biocompatibility when they contact with cells, blood, and tissues [20,21]. Another important property of MWNTs is their strength and resistance, which is 100-fold of that of steel; but, their speci c gravity is 1/6 times that of steel [22][23][24]. Therefore, MWNTs can give rise to a signi cant improvement in the properties of composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Multi-wall Carbon Nanotubes(MWNTs) on Structural and Mechanical Properties of Poly(3-hydroxybutirate) Electrospun Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications

2016

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Abstract. The aim of this study is to evaluate the e ects of Multi-Walled Carbon NanoTubes (MWNTs) on the structural and mechanical properties of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB) electrospun sca olds. To achieve optimal properties of the electrospinning machine, P3HB polymer solutions were prepared at di erent concentrations and spinned in di erent electrospinning parameters. After optimization, MWNTs in di erent weight percentages (0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, and 1.25%) were added to the polymer solutions and electrospinned. The e ects of MWNTs on the structure of bers were investigated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. The addition of MWNTs increased the average ber diameter from 210 (neat P3HB) to 700 nm at 1.25% MWNTs. In addition, SEM photomicrographs and the MATLAB software program showed an increase in porosity from 81% to 84% in the presence of MWNTs. Tensile strength of P3HB/MWNTs composites revealed 158% improvement over pure P3HB sca old. According to mechanical and structural properties, the best amount of MWNTs was 0.5 wt%. Therefore, MWNTs with low percentages can signi cantly improve the mechanical properties of pure P3HB sca old, so that they can become favorable mechanically for tissue engineering applications.

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Advances in the science and technology of carbon nanotubes and their composites: a review

Cited by 4,461 publications

References 84 publications

Microstructure and mechanical properties of CNT/Ag nanocomposites fabricated by spark plasma sintering

Microstructure and mechanical properties of CNT/Ag nanocomposites fabricated by spark plasma sintering

Funcionalização de nanotubos de Carbono

Effect of Multi-wall Carbon Nanotubes(MWNTs) on Structural and Mechanical Properties of Poly(3-hydroxybutirate) Electrospun Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications

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