Determination of drugs in surface water and wastewater samples by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry: methods and preliminary results including toxicity studies with Vibrio fischeri

Farré, Marinella; Ferrer, Imma; Ginebreda, Antoni; Figueras, Mercè; Olivella, Lourdes; Tirapu, Lluis; Vilanova, M; Barceló, Damià

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(01)01154-2

Cited by 349 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In a bioluminescence inhibition test using A. fischeri for naproxen, Farré et al (2001) confirmed EC 50 to be 21.2 and 35.6 mg/L. In our study, probit analysis determined EC 50 to be 53.35±7.9 mg/L, which is classified as toxic for organisms.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

“…In a bioluminescence inhibition test using A. fischeri for ibuprofen, Farré et al (2001) reported that EC 50 rates were 12.1 and 19.1 mg/L, while Jin Sung Ra et al (2008) found it to be 37.5 mg/L. In our study, probit analysis determined EC 50 to be 39±0.8 mg/L, which is equivalent to a toxic TU rating for the organism.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 44%

“…Farré et al (2001) reported that EC 50 rates for diclofenac were 13.3 and 13.7 mg/L, whereas Ra et al (2008) found EC 50 to be 9.7 mg/L. In our study, probit analysis determined EC 50 to be 11.79±1.75 mg/L, which is classified as being toxic for organisms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 45%

“…In bioluminescence inhibition test using A. fischeri for salicylic acid, Farré et al (2001) found EC 50 to be 41.3 mg/L, whereas Henschel et al (1997) noted it to be 90 mg/L. In another study, the lowest EC 50 rate of salicylic acid was reported as 37 mg/L, while the highest concentration in the aqueous environment was 60 μg/L (Karl et al 2005).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Determination of Single and Mixture Toxicity at High Concentrations of Some Acidic Pharmaceuticals via Aliivibrio fischeri

Dökmeci

İbar

2014

Environ. Process.

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Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) may cause serious and significant environmental pollution. Environmental analyses have detected pharmaceuticals in addition to conventional chemical pollutants. In our study, the acute toxicity of ibuprofen, naproxen, diclofenac, salicylic acid and substances that are mixtures themselves (INDS) on Aliivibrio fischeri bacterium were assessed with the use of ToxAlert ® . The selected materials are acidic in nature, highly polarized and widely sold over-the-counter analgesics. Doseresponse curves were drawn, and linear regression analyses and probit analyses determined their 50 %-effective concentrations (EC 50 ). The pharmaceuticals alone are unlikely to have acute impacts in aquatic environments. However, when evaluated in combination with A. fischeri bacterium, the acute toxicity of the INDS mixture was EC 50 7.09±5.1 mg/L and the acute toxicity of TUs was 14.10, which indicates their very toxic quality for organisms. Since the target components do not exist in isolation, we should primarily consider the toxicity of the mixture only at high concentrations.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 44%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 45%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Determination of Single and Mixture Toxicity at High Concentrations of Some Acidic Pharmaceuticals via Aliivibrio fischeri

Dökmeci

İbar

2014

Environ. Process.

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“…Many NSAIDs such as diclofenac, naproxen, ketoprofen and flurbiprofen share a phenylacetic acid (PAA) core. Ibuprofen has been detected in bodies of water worldwide (Buser et al, 1999;Farré et al, 2001;Kolpin et al, 2002;Stumpf et al, 1999;Winkler et al, 2001). Ibuprofen has also been detected in water used for irrigation (Kinney et al, 2006;Pedersen et al, 2003Pedersen et al, , 2005Siemens et al, 2008;Xu et al, 2009) and municipal drinking water supplies (Jones et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and chemical characterization of ibuprofen degradation by Sphingomonas Ibu-2

Murdoch

2013

Microbiology

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Sphingomonas Ibu-2 has the unusual ability to cleave the acid side chain from the pharmaceutical ibuprofen and related arylacetic acid derivatives to yield corresponding catechols under aerobic conditions via a previously uncharacterized mechanism. Screening a chromosomal library of Ibu-2 DNA in Escherichia coli EPI300 allowed us to identify one fosmid clone (pFOS3G7) that conferred the ability to metabolize ibuprofen to isobutylcatechol. Characterization of pFOS3G7 loss-of-function transposon mutants permitted identification of five ORFs, ipfABDEF, whose predicted amino acid sequences bore similarity to the large and small units of an aromatic dioxygenase (ipfAB), a sterol carrier protein X (SCPx) thiolase (ipfD), a domain of unknown function 35 (DUF35) protein (ipfE) and an aromatic CoA ligase (ipfF). Two additional ORFs, ipfH and ipfI, which encode putative ferredoxin reductase and ferredoxin components of an aromatic dioxygenase system, respectively, were also identified on pFOS3G7. Complementation of a markerless loss-of-function ipfD deletion mutant restored catechol production as did complementation of the ipfF Tn mutant. Expression of subcloned ipfABDEF alone in E. coli did not impart full metabolic activity unless coexpressed with ipfHI. CoA ligation followed by ring oxidation is common to phenylacetic acid pathways. However, the need for a putative SCPx thiolase (IpfD) and DUF35 protein (IpfE) in aerobic arylacetic acid degradation is unprecedented. This work provides preliminary insights into the mechanism behind this novel arylacetic acid-deacylating, catechol-generating activity.

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Pharmaceuticals and Hormones in the Environment

Jones-Lepp

Alvarez²,

Englert

et al. 2009

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Some of the earliest initial reports from Europe and the United States demonstrated that a variety of pharmaceuticals and hormones could be found in surface waters, source waters, drinking water, and influents and effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). It is unknown though, at this time, what ecotoxicological effects can be had from pharmaceuticals and hormones that are essentially designed for one purpose (e.g., treatment of human and domestic livestock for illness and disease) and their possible adverse effects on terrestrial wildlife, aquatic organisms, bacteria, and ultimately humans, through unintentional environmental exposure. One of the challenges the analytical chemistry community faces is the development of robust and standardized analytical methods and technologies that can easily be transferred to laboratories worldwide. While today's analysts can detect picograms per liter and nanograms per liter concentrations of numerous pharmaceuticals, hormones, and their metabolites, in a variety of environmental matrices, there are still analytical gaps that are necessary to fill. We hope that this article will add to the body of knowledge of environmental analytical chemistry techniques regarding pharmaceuticals and hormones, giving environmental scientists a good overview of those analytical techniques that are currently available, and where possible, of improvements and new methodologies that can be developed in support of this important, and relevant, environmental issue.

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Determination of drugs in surface water and wastewater samples by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry: methods and preliminary results including toxicity studies with Vibrio fischeri

Cited by 349 publications

References 19 publications

The Determination of Single and Mixture Toxicity at High Concentrations of Some Acidic Pharmaceuticals via Aliivibrio fischeri

The Determination of Single and Mixture Toxicity at High Concentrations of Some Acidic Pharmaceuticals via Aliivibrio fischeri

Genetic and chemical characterization of ibuprofen degradation by Sphingomonas Ibu-2

Pharmaceuticals and Hormones in the Environment

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