Ingestão de cálcio, níveis séricos de vitamina D e obesidade infantil: existe associação?

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between calcium intake and serum vitamin D levels and childhood obesity by an integrative review. DATA SOURCE: The research was conducted in the databases PubMed/medLine, Science Direct and SciELO with 2001 to 2014 publications. We used the combined terms in English: ''children'' and ''calcium'' or ''children'' and ''vitamin D'' associated with the descriptors: ''obesity'', ''adiposity'' or ''body fat'' for all bases. Cross-sectional and cohort studies, as well as clinical trials, were included. Review articles or those that that have not addressed the association of interest were excluded. DATA SYNTHESIS: Eight articles were part of this review, five of which were related to calcium and three to vitamin D. Most studies had a longitudinal design. The analyzed studies found an association between calcium intake and obesity, especially when age and sex were considered. Inverse relationship between serum vitamin D and measures of adiposity in children has been observed and this association was influenced by the sex of the patient and by the seasons of the year. CONCLUSIONS: The studies reviewed showed an association between calcium and vitamin D with childhood obesity. Considering the possible protective effect of these micronutrients in relation to childhood obesity, preventive public health actions should be designed, with emphasis on nutritional education.

Inverse association of calcium intake with abdominal adiposity and C-reactive protein in Brazilian children

“…Adequate Ca intake can reduce the concentration of calcitriol. Therefore, autocrine activation of cortisol synthesis would decrease, leading to less fat accumulation ( 47 , 48 ) . This occurs because calcitriol stimulates the expression of 11-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1, which helps in the conversion of cortisone into cortisol, a substance that acts in the accumulation of fat, mainly in the abdominal region ( 49 ) .…”

Tenth year reenrollment randomized trial investigating the effects of childhood probiotics and calcium supplementation on height and weight at adolescence

“…On the other hand, the LC group in our study tended toward BMIZ reduction in female adolescents compared to the RC. Calcium is well known for its effect in reducing body mass index (BMI) or fat mass as a protective effect in relation to childhood obesity 32 , 33 . Although much of the published clinical data supports a negative association between calcium intake and body fat mass, others have found no evidence for an effect of calcium intake on body weight or fat mass 34 , 35 .…”

Muito além do peso: modulações biopolíticas em discursos sobre a obesidade infantil

“…No caso da obesidade infantil, vislumbramos o aparecimento de uma série de discursos que apontam para a necessidade de compreender tal questão sob um ponto de vista multifuncional (Cavalcante, 2007), dado que engloba o caráter nutricional da alimentação infantil, os problemas de saúde provenientes desse quadro, cujos desdobramentos sinalizam para o índice de crianças com hipertensão, diabetes e outras patologias estreitamente relacionadas ao acúmulo de gordura (Miranda e Navarro, 2016); o governo das crianças em relação aos hábitos dietéticos, ou seja, ao consumo de alimentos cujo teor de gordura é elevado (Cunha et al, 2015); a responsabilidade dos pais no tocante à reeducação alimentar dos filhos e ao incentivo à prática de exercícios físicos; a preocupação que incide sobre a obesidade infantil como uma projeção iminente de uma sociedade com o peso além do recomendável no futuro (Yoshino, 2010); as inúmeras campanhas e ações de combate à obesidade infantil veiculadas na mídia e postas em prática em instituições escolares, considerados espaços privilegiados (Guaita, 2009) para o exercício de uma pedagogia fitness no governo dos corpos infantis (César e Duarte, 2009), dentre outros tantos discursos que aqui poderiam ser arrolados, os quais apontam como a questão da obesidade infantil se configura numa preocupação específica do momento presente e para a qual uma diversidade de estratégias de saber-poder tem sido mobilizada, a exemplo da ação da Frente Parlamentar Mista de Combate à Obesidade Infanto-Juvenil de que falamos há pouco.…”