Glucose alteration and insulin resistance in asymptomatic obese children and adolescents

Assunção, Silvana Neves Ferraz de; Boa‐Sorte, Ney; Alves, Crésio de Aragão Dantas; Mendes, Patrícia; Alves, Carlos Roberto Brites; Silva, Luciana Rodrígues

doi:10.1016/j.jped.2017.06.008

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Also, Lavrador et al [18] observed that obese patients had higher frequencies of alterations in blood glucose, HOMA-IR, triglycerides and blood pressure. In agreement with our study, Assunção et al [19] reported a high prevalence of glucose metabolism and insulin abnormalities in this population of obese and severe obese children and adolescents, similarly to the findings described by D'Adamo and Caprio [20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Study of Markers for Assessment of Insulin Resistance in Obese Children and Adolescents

Ibrahim

Hassan

Mohamed

et al. 2021

JAMMR

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Background: Valid and reliable methods are essential to assess the presence and the extent of insulin resistance, the associated risk factors and the effect of pharmacological and lifestyle interventions. The aim of this work was to evaluate Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) for assessment of insulin resistance among obese children and adolescents. Methods: This case control study included 40 children and adolescent with ages of 6 to 16 years who were classified into: Group I: 20 obese children and adolescents (body mass index (BMI) > 95th percentile on Egyptian growth curves and Group II: 20 healthy children as a control group of matched age and sex to group 1 and who had normal BMI. All subjects underwent 1) Thorough history taking 2) Full clinical examination 3) Laboratory investigations: Fasting blood glucose, Fasting serum insulin level, HOMA-IR, HbA1c.and OGTT. Results: There is no significant statistical difference as regard age, height, sex and puberty staging in both groups. The mean for weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist/hip ratio and acanthosis nigricans were found to be significantly higher in patient group. FBG, fasting serum insulin, HbA1c and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in patient group than in control group (p <0.001). HOMA-IR was significantly correlated with HbA1c and OGTT in obese patients (p<0.001*). Conclusions: HOMA-IR can be used in assessment of insulin resistance among obese children and adolescents.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Study of Markers for Assessment of Insulin Resistance in Obese Children and Adolescents

Ibrahim

Hassan

Mohamed

et al. 2021

JAMMR

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“…Insulin resistance and leptin act to reduce food intake and to increase energy expenditure through the action on the hypothalamic neurons, for which they are named “signals of body adiposity” [ 14 ]. Excessive weight contributes to hyperleptinemia, a condition in which the leptin receptors are altered or defective at the blood-brain barrier, resulting in a resistance, and ceasing to regulate body weight and appetite [ 15 , 18 ]. Baseline leptin and insulin concentrations may be positively correlated to insulin-sensitive individuals and both decrease in response to weight loss [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such risk behaviors can induce to overweight, mainly due to the imbalance between high consumption of high-calorie diet and low total daily energy expenditure [ 10 ]. This positive energy balance can directly contribute to the excess of body fat percentage (BF%) and, consequently, to an increase in blood pressure [ 11 , 12 ], triglycerides, free fatty acids [ 13 ], leptin production [ 14 , 15 ], dyslipidemias, hyperuricemia [ 16 , 17 ], and insulin resistance [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Lifestyle and Body Composition on Risk Factors of Cardiometabolic Diseases and Biomarkers in Female Adolescents

Miranda

Amorim

Bastos

et al. 2020

Mediators of Inflammation

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Background. Female adolescents are considered a risk group for cardiometabolic disease due to their lifestyle (LS). Objective. To evaluate the association between LS classes and body composition groups with cardiometabolic disease risk factors and pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers in female adolescents. Methods. This cross-sectional study was carried out with female adolescents aged 14 to 19 years, from Viçosa-MG, Brazil. Latent class analysis assessed LS classes. Kinanthropometric measurements were taken together with the body fat percentage (BF%), being analyzed by the Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) equipment. Blood pressure and biochemical parameters were analyzed in the Health Division of the Federal University of Viçosa. The pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers were analyzed using Luminex technology. Associations with biomarkers were estimated by multiple linear regression. Results. 405 female adolescents were evaluated. The majority, 82.57%, 72.90%, and 65.31%, were classified as inactive by the number of steps, with high screen and cell phone time, respectively. Furthermore, 41.55% did meet the minimum of 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and 54.69% had high values of BF% (DEXA). The “Sedentary & Inactive LS” class together with the high levels of weight and BF% were associated with increased levels of blood pressure, lipid profile, and uric acid. It was also found that “Inactive & Sedentary LS”, high BF%, insulin resistance, and ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein were associated with the concentrations of proinflammatory biomarkers of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and leptin. Conclusion. We concluded that female adolescents with overweight/obese and high BF% presented higher values of anthropometric indicators, levels of blood pressure, concentration of uric acid and hs-CRP, and lower concentration of HDL. Inactive and Sedentary lifestyle of these girls, along with excess body fat, insulin resistance, and higher concentrations of hs-CRP were associated with the higher concentration proinflammatory markers.

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“…The most common cause of insulin resistance is the adipose tissue excess, responsible for many metabolic effects: increased circulating amounts of free fatty acids that directly interfere with insulin signaling, diminished muscle glucose uptake, increased gluconeogenesis in liver and exaggerated triglyceride synthesis. The adipose tissue further stimulates progression of AN through various adipokines such as: leptin, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 (43,44). When the excess insulin needed can no longer be secreted by pancreatic β-cells, type 2 diabetes mellitus occurs.…”

Section: Pathological Conditions and Disorders Associated With Acanthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acanthosis nigricans: To be or not to be afraid (Review)

Popa

Popa²,

Tănase

et al. 2018

Oncol Lett

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Acanthosis nigricans (AN), a skin disorder with high prevalence, represents a dermatological condition with esthetic implications, but otherwise mild symptoms. For any clinician, it is in fact the tip of the iceberg, leading him/her to investigate what lies beneath the surface, since AN points to a systemic problem or disease: metabolic disorder (most frequently), endocrine syndrome, medication side effects, malignancy, and genetic factors. Sometimes, it is the first observed sign of a malignancy or of diabetes mellitus, especially in patients with chronic metabolic disorder; therefore, it is not to be taken lightly. The present review summarizes the information in literature regarding the etiopathogenesis of AN. We propose a new classification that aims to better organize the different types of AN, with implications on the extent and urgency of the investigation plan, as well as various therapeutic algorithms. Therapy options are also presented, both systemic treatments that target the underlying disease, and local ones for esthetic reasons.

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Glucose alteration and insulin resistance in asymptomatic obese children and adolescents

Abstract: Notably, this study found a high prevalence of glucose and insulin disorders in asymptomatic obese children and adolescents.

Cited by 16 publications

References 21 publications

Study of Markers for Assessment of Insulin Resistance in Obese Children and Adolescents

Study of Markers for Assessment of Insulin Resistance in Obese Children and Adolescents

Association of Lifestyle and Body Composition on Risk Factors of Cardiometabolic Diseases and Biomarkers in Female Adolescents

Acanthosis nigricans: To be or not to be afraid (Review)

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