Factors associated with low consumption of fruits and vegetables by preschoolers of low socio-economic level

Abstract

This study demonstrated a high prevalence of children who consumed less than one daily serving of fruit and vegetables; early feeding practices, parental education, and family income were associated with this process.

Snack food and beverage consumption and young child nutrition in low‐ and middle‐income countries: A systematic review

“…A positive association between SSB consumption and overweight/obesity among preschoolers in the United States has also been noted (Welsh, 2005), whereas another U.S. study found an association between SSB consumption and growth faltering among preschoolers (Dennison, Rockwell, & Baker, 1997 (Denney et al, 2017;Rodríguez-Ramírez et al, 2016). Three of the remaining studies assessed nonrandom samples, including convenience samples of stunted children and mothers attending health services (Anderson et al, 2008;Roche et al, 2011;Valmórbida & Vitolo, 2014), limiting conclusions from these papers to wider populations. The four studies testing associations with nutritional outcomes also did not utilize representative samples-three studies systematically sampled mothers attending health centres for child health/vaccination services (Budree et al, 2017;Jimenez-Cruz et al, 2010;Vakili et al, 2015), and one included all children within catchment areas of selected health facilities (Faber, 2007).…”

“…Although this review indicates that snack foods/SSB are potentially providing a substantial proportion of dietary energy among young children in LMIC, the low number of studies and their limited (Anderson et al, 2008;Karnopp et al, 2017;Lander et al, 2010;Valmórbida & Vitolo, 2014), and one was conducted in a conflict area (Jeharsae et al, 2011). Two studies used national datasets (Denney et al, 2017;Rodríguez-Ramírez et al, 2016); however, neither disaggregated data among 0-to 23-month-olds by rural/urban area of residence.…”

“…The reported % TEI ranged from 13.1% among 0-to 23-montholds in the Amazonas district of Peru (Roche, Creed-Kanashiro, Tuesta, & Kuhlein, 2011) to 38.2% among 12-to 23-month-olds in Phnom Penh, Cambodia (Anderson, Cornwall, Jack, & Gibson, 2008), with a median of 19.3% TEI across all nine studies. Five studies assessed dietary energy contribution from both snack foods and SSB (Denney, Afeiche, Eldridge, & Villalpando-Carrión, 2017;Karnopp et al, 2017;Kavle et al, 2015;Rodríguez-Ramírez, Muñoz-Espinosa, Rivera, González-Castell, & González de Cosío, 2016;Valmórbida & Vitolo, 2014). Four studies did not specifically indicate if they assessed contributions from SSB in addition to snack foods (Anderson et al, 2008;Jeharsae, Sangthong, & Chongsuvivatwong, 2011;Lander et al, 2010;Roche et al, 2011).…”

Mothers’ perceptions of their own diets and the diets of their children at 2–3 years of age

“…However, this was a methodological choice, as the dietary characteristics of Brazilian children in this age group have already been frequently analyzed (Carvalho et al, 2015;Valmórbida & Vitolo, 2014), as opposed to maternal perceptions about the subject which, as the present study shows, should be considered by professionals who provide health care to children and their families.…”

“…Although only 0.2% of the children had diets considered good, 78% of the mothers reported believing that their children's diets were adequate (Kourlaba, Kondaki, Grammatikaki, RomaGiannikou, & Manios, 2009). Although the present study did not assess the food actually consumed by the children (since it focused on mothers' perceptions), national review studies (Carvalho, Fonsêca, Priore, Franceschini, & Novaes, 2015) using similar samples (Sparrenberger, Friedrich, Schiffner, Schuch, & Wagner, 2015), and other studies that considered data from the sample's main project from which the present study is derived (Valmórbida & Vitolo, 2014), indicate that children's diets fall well short of recommendations and do so at increasingly younger ages. Thus, it is noted that mothers' perceptions of the healthy feeding of their children may not be consistent with the food their children actually receive, as is indicated in the literature (Kourlaba et al, 2009).…”