Appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors: approach and treatment

Abreu, Rodrigo Martins

doi:10.1016/j.jcol.2018.05.010

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Due to the misconceptions that NETs were once proposed to be nonmalignant, as Dr. Oberndorfer originally believed, there have been two new classification schemes, the first was presented by ENETS in 2006 and the other by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), which appeared in AJCC 8th edition in 2010 [11][12]. These classification schemes use the invasion of the mesoappendix and require the inclusion of more criteria to define the selection of surgical treatment of tumors between 1 cm and 2cm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These classification schemes use the invasion of the mesoappendix and require the inclusion of more criteria to define the selection of surgical treatment of tumors between 1 cm and 2cm. Thus, along with the invasion of the mesoappendix and size of the tumor, other factors such as vascular invasion, ki67 index, mitotic index, and tumor location should be considered at the time of classification, for a better selection of the treatment and prognostic evaluation [11]. The World Health Organization (WHO) also developed a classification for NETs within the gastrointestinal tract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sixty-One-Year-Old Female With Metastatic Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma of the Appendix With Omental Metastasis

McNamara

Raymond

2020

Cureus

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Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare tumors that are often asymptomatic and were once considered benign. A specific subtype that we will dive into in this article is appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors (ANETS). ANETs are the most common tumors located within the appendix. Most often, they present as acute appendicitis and are found incidentally on pathology reports status post appendectomy. The objective of this article is to show that even though most of the ANETs are benign and fully treated via surgery, ANETs still have the potential to become malignant and metastasize. Our patient fits the common features seen in ANETS. She is a middle-aged woman with vague abdominal pain and no clear diagnosis on gastrointestinal (GI) workup. Computed tomography (CT) confirmed appendicitis, and pathology reports status post-surgery confirmed stage IV, pT4, Nx, M1-poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma of the appendix with omental metastases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sixty-One-Year-Old Female With Metastatic Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma of the Appendix With Omental Metastasis

McNamara

Raymond

2020

Cureus

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“…Proper staging is important to establish good therapy, follow-up and prognosis of patients. It is necessary to evaluate the size, location, histopathological features, mesoappendix invasion, vascular invasion and the presence of distant metastases (Abreu, 2018). The World Health Organization (WHO) categorizes neuroendocrine tumors (NETs)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of appendix NETs is located in the apex of the organ, not causing luminal obstruction and, theferoe, not being related to an acute obstructive appendicitis caused by the tumor. In fact, most of the cases are diagnosed through histopathological analysis of the organ, resected in appendectomy for acute appendicitis (Abreu, 2018), which shows that the performance a post-operative pathological of the organ is coherent and necessary. For this reason, this work aims to present the anatomic-pathological findings of a case of appendix neuroendocrine tumor after clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroendocrine Neoplasm in Cecal Appendix: A Case Report

Feitosa

Rodrigues

Felix

et al. 2019

AIMJ

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Although neuroendocrine neoplasms are relatively uncommon entities, the appendix is a site with relatively frequent emergence of this pathology and its precise diagnosis and clinical management have been a challenge for practitioners. This paper aims to present and discuss a case report of neuroendocrine neoplasia in the appendix of a patient with acute abdomen who underwent appendectomy. A 46-year-old man referred to the Emergency Department complaining of abdominal pain in the right iliac fossa and signs of peritoneal irritation. After diagnosis of acute appendicitis, the patient underwent appendectomy. In a macroscopic analysis, an area of 1.9 cm long, hardened, irregular and yellowish shapes was noted in the distal third of the appendix. Histopathological analysis showed neoplasia consisting of invasive islands of monotonous rounded epithelioid cells, large areas of necrosis, high mitotic activity, neural and angiolymphatic invasion and extension to adipose tissue compatible with invasion of the mesoappendix. Circumferential resection was compromised, suggesting the persistence of neoplasia in the patient even after the surgical approach, which would probably recommend the need for surgical approach. Therefore, the importance of sending collected materials for anatomopathological analysis is emphasized, since it helps in the clinical evaluation, in the etiological diagnosis, guides the medical conduct in the evolution of the case, as well as assisting in family mourning in cases of mortality.Keywords: Neuroendocrine tumor, Appendix, Histopathological analysis.

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“…13 However, in some cases, they can present with flushing and diarrhea (carcinoid syndrome), due the systemic effects of serotonin production, and, in rare cases of advanced disease (stage IV), the liver is the most common site of metastasis. 1,14 The purpose of the present paper is to review the cases of ANETs in a single tertiary hospital.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appendiceal Neuroendocrine Tumours – Experience of One Service

Devezas

Barbosa

2021

Journal of Coloproctology

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Tumours of the appendix are rare and tend to be diagnosed incidentally, in cases of acute appendicitis. For some authors, appendiceal neuroendocrine tumours (ANETs) are the most frequent neoplasm of the appendix, observed in 0.3% to 0.9% of cases acute appendicitis. The present is a unicentric retrospective study conducted between January 2005 and March 2017. Out of a total of 3,007 surgeries for appendiceal pathologies performed in the adult population at the hospital where the present study was conducted, there were 70 (2.33%) malignant cases, 20 (28.6%) of which were ANETs. The patients had a median age of 44 years (range: 18 to 85 years), and were predominantly women (there were 1.9 times more women than men). In 16 cases (80%), a simple appendicectomy was performed (1 patient was submitted to a right hemicolectomy later). The cases of ANETs had a good prognosis in our series: 85% of the patients are either alive today or were alive after 5 years of follow-up. Despite the fact that ANETs are described as the most frequent tumor of the appendix, this was not confirmed in our series, in which they only represented 28.6% of the cases; adenocarcinoma was the most frequent tumor (65.7%) among our sample.

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Appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors: approach and treatment

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Sixty-One-Year-Old Female With Metastatic Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma of the Appendix With Omental Metastasis

Sixty-One-Year-Old Female With Metastatic Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma of the Appendix With Omental Metastasis

Neuroendocrine Neoplasm in Cecal Appendix: A Case Report

Appendiceal Neuroendocrine Tumours – Experience of One Service

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