Possible mechanisms of antinociception of methanol extract of Melastoma malabathricum leaves

Antinociception of petroleum ether fraction derived from crude methanol extract of Melastoma malabathricum leaves and its possible mechanisms of action in animal models

“…The present study was a continuation to our recently published report on the antinociceptive activity of methanol extract of M. malabathricum (MEMM) [27]. The justification for performing this experiment can be related to the phytoconstituents of methanol extract.…”

“…In addition to these, the phytochemicals screening of MEMM also demonstrated the high presence of triterpenes, saponins and tannins [31]. Taking into account the presence of various classes of bioactive compounds with different polarity [27, 31], further investigations need to be carried out before the bioactive compound(s) responsible for the observed antinociceptive activity could be determined. Thus, the present study was designed to separate the bioactive compounds into non-polar, moderate polar (intermediate) and polar compounds by successive partitioning of MEMM using several solvents with different polarity to obtain the respective PEMM, EAMM and AQMM.…”

“…This procedure was performed as described in detailed by Zakaria et al [27]. Briefly, 500 g of matured leaves that have been air-dried for 1–2 weeks at room temperature (27  ±  2  ° C) were grinded into powder form.…”

“…In the two previous reports, the aqueous [24] and ethanol [16] extracts of the leaves were used and only the role of opioid receptors in modulating those extracts antinociceptive activity was investigated. In addition, we have recently published on the central and peripheral antinociceptive potential of methanol extract of M. malabathricum (MEMM), and reported on the involvement of vanilloid receptors, glutamatergic system and NO-mediated/cGMP-independent pathway, but not opioid receptors, in the modulation of MEMM antinociceptive activity [27]. Taking these facts into account, the present study was designed to determine the antinociceptive potential of several fractions derived from MEMM, namely petroleum ether- (PEMM), ethyl acetate- (EAMM,) and aqueous- (AQMM) extract, and to determine the mechanisms of antinociception exhibited by the most effective partition using various animal models.…”

Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Amygdalus eburnea shell root extract in mice

“…Based on the previous studies, in phytochemical screening of plants in Rosaceae family, the presence of flavonoids, tannins, and saponin glycoside have been proven 27 . Since the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of these compounds have been shown 28,29 ; a number of studies have shown that flavonoids and tannins components in the plants in Rosaceae family showed their antinociceptive effects through opioid receptors, nitric oxide pathway as well as via the inhibition of vanilloid receptors and the glutamatergic system 30,31 . Therefore, it is probably that the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of A. eburnea may be related to the presence of these compounds.…”