Inadequate use of antibiotics and increase in neonatal sepsis caused by resistant bacteria related to health care assistance: a systematic review

Abstract

Despite their low-quality evidence, the studies demonstrated the association between inadequate use of antimicrobial agents and increase of neonatal resistant bacterial healthcare-associated infections in neonatal units. However, there is significant difficulty in conducting high-quality studies in this population due to ethical issues tied to randomized trials. Therefore, new studies should be encouraged to recommend adequate treatment of newborns without increasing the risk of healthcare-associated infections by multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Microbial Contamination in Hospital Environment Has the Potential to Colonize Preterm Newborns’ Nasal Cavities

“…Nevertheless, the association between inadequate use of antibiotics and an increase of neonatal resistant bacterial HAIs in neonatal units has been reported [ 24 ].…”

Antimicrobial use for treatment of healthcare-associated infections and bacterial resistance in a reference neonatal unit

“…Well-designed studies on this topic are scarce, but some have shown the importance of stewardship programs in neonatal units. 9 , 14 , 15 , 18 , 19 These studies have indicated that treatment should be precisely installed and should utilize antimicrobials with reduced spectrums. Therefore, the use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials, such as third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, vancomycin, and carbapenems, should be indicated only for select cases to prevent the emergence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms.…”

Nouveau-nés, sepsis et résistance antimicrobienne – Mesures pour s'attaquer aux problèmes difficiles dans notre population la plus vulnérable

“…Pour les nouveau-n es, il est essentiel de commencer rapidement le traitement afin d'am eliorer le pronostic de ces patients vuln erables et de r eduire l'exposition inutile aux agents antimicrobiens chez cette population. La surutilisation d'agents antimicrobiens est associ ee a une augmentation des infections nosocomiales r esistantes aux antimicrobiens dans les unit es n eonatales 8 . La r esistance antimicrobienne est consid er ee comme l'une des plus graves menaces pour la sant e dans le monde et pourraitêtre responsable d'environ 30 % des d ec es associ es au sepsis n eonatal, principalement dans les pays a revenu faible ou interm ediaire 9 .…”