Trichomonas vaginalis and associated factors among women living with HIV/AIDS in Amazonas, Brazil

Silva, Leila Cristina Ferreira; Miranda, Angélica Espinosa; Batalha, Rosieny Santos; Monte, Rossicléia Lins; Talhari, Sinésio

doi:10.1016/j.bjid.2013.03.006

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…vaginalis infection rate of 4.1% in the cervical samples of women treated at a university hospital in southern Brazil matches the rates (3–6%) reported for women treated at gynaecology clinics using molecular diagnostic techniques [17,18]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

The prevalence of trichomoniasis and associated factors among women treated at a university hospital in southern Brazil

et al. 2017

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BackgroundTrichomoniasis is the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted disease (STD) in the world; however, it remains a neglected parasitic disease. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of trichomoniasis and its associated epidemiological factors among women treated at a hospital in southern Brazil.Methodology/Principal findingsA cross-sectional study was performed to determine the prevalence of this infection in women treated at Hospital Universitário (HU) in Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, between January 2012 and January 2015. This study consisted a self-administered questionnaire regarding demographic, clinical, and behavioural data and a molecular diagnosis with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the TVK3/7 primer set, which was confirmed with sequence analysis. Of the 345 women surveyed, the overall prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) was 4.1% (14/345). The prevalence rates were 5.9% among pregnant women, 8.5% among HIV-positive women, and 10.1% among HIV-positive pregnant women. The rates for groups with other significant demographic and clinical features were as follows: 6.6% among women with white skin, 12.3% among women with an income below the minimum monthly wage, 7.4% among women with a vaginal pH greater than or equal to 4.6, and 7.9% among women with a comorbid STD. The multivariate analysis confirmed that pregnant women who were HIV-positive (p = 0.001) and had low incomes (p = 0.026) were the most likely to have this infection.ConclusionsA multivariate analysis confirmed that HIV-positive pregnant women with low incomes were the participants most likely to have trichomoniasis. These results are important because this Brazilian region presents a high prevalence of HIV-1 subtype C, which is associated with greater transmissibility. Additionally, low family income reveals a socioeconomic fragility that might favour the transmission of this STD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

The prevalence of trichomoniasis and associated factors among women treated at a university hospital in southern Brazil

et al. 2017

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“…Prevalence of TV in the current study is inferior to two former investigations on pregnant adolescents in the United States, however both of them used DNA-amplification methods for detecting TV, that was already demonstrated to yield higher TV-positivity when compared to culture [3] [10] [26]. Few data on TV infection are available from Brazilian studies, but the current prevalence of 4.0% is higher to those reported in pregnant adults, low-risk non-pregnant woman, while it is similar to the rate previously found in HIV-positive women from Amazon region (4.1%) [11] [27]- [29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Sexually active adolescents are at increased risk for both CT and TV, and consequently for the adverse reproductive health outcomes associated with such infections [3] [7]- [10]. This information is crucial considering the high STI rates in some regions, such as the Brazilian Amazon, in which screening programs for CT and TV are not available [11] [12]. Considering that STI rates in this region is poorly estimated, especially in the highly vulnerable population of pregnant adolescents, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and incidence of infection by CT and TV, as well as the factors associated with these infections in pregnant adolescents from Belém City, in northern Brazilian Amazon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i> and <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> Prevalence, Incidence and Associated Factors in Pregnant Adolescents from Belém City, in the Brazilian Amazon

Marconi¹,

Duarte²,

Silva³

et al. 2015

OJOG

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Background: Adolescents are disproportionally affected by sexually transmitted infections (STI). Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) are the most frequent curable STI in adolescents, causing serious consequences for their reproductive health. Therefore, we aimed to determine the prevalence and incidence of CT and TV, as well as their risk factors in pregnant adolescents from Belém, northern Brazilian Amazon. Methods: This prospective study enrolled 199 adolescents up to 20 weeks of pregnancy. They were scheduled for follow-up visit between 28 and 29 weeks of pregnancy. Sociodemographic and behavioral data were obtained by interview. Cervicovaginal samples were taken to test for TV, CT, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and bacterial vaginosis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to test the association of prevalent/incident CT and TV with the variables. Results: Prevalence of cervical CT infection was 33.7% (n = 67/ 199), and for trichomoniasis it was 4.0% (n = 8/199). Cervical ectopy increased the risk for prevalent CT (OR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.01-3.70), while having treated vaginal discharge in the past (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.26-0.98) and being married (OR, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.01-0.83) were protective against * Corresponding author. C. Marconi et al. 678 current CT and TV, respectively. Among the 95 (47.7%) adolescents who completed follow-up, 15 cases of incident CT were identified. Incident CT was associated with having a formal or informal job (OR, 28.4; 95% CI, 2.1-391.6) and bacterial vaginosis treatment at the baseline (OR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.01-0.69). Conclusion: Prevalence and incidence rates of TV and CT are high in this population devoid of STI routine screening. Treatment of bacterial vaginosis may benefit this population by reducing risk for CT acquisition.

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“…[9,[22][23][24][25][26]. When the wet mount or culture test was administered, the prevalence found in the Brazilian studies varied between 4.1% and 16% [27][28][29]. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there has been only one study carried out in Brazil using a self-collection device (vaginal swab) for the detection of T. vaginalis, but this study did not use NAAT, but the XenoStrip T. vaginalis Test (Xenotopo Diagnostic, San Antonio, TX, USA), nowadays called OSOM Trichomonas Rapid Test (Sekisui Diagnostic, San Diego, CA, USA) [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T. vaginalis in riverside women in Amazonia, Brazil: an experience using the EVALYN® BRUSH vaginal self-collection device

Rocha

Azevedo

Batista

et al. 2019

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: The challenges related to the diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections present more complex factors in remote and hard-to-reach areas. The use of self-collection devices that facilitate the obtaining of a biological sample with high quality for sensitive molecular tests have been examined. This study aimed to evaluate the performance and acceptance of the Evalyn® Brush (Rovers® Medical Devices) for detection of T. vaginalis among women living in the riverside communities of Amazonas, Brazil. Methodology: The study included 300 riverside women. They received instructions for self-collection, carried out the task, and then answered a questionnaire on the use of the device. T. vaginalis was detected by Polymerase Chain Reaction, using primers TVK3/TVK7. Results: The mean age of the women was 35.8 years, and most of them presented low schooling, low income, agricultural activity and lived in a marital union. All samples were positive for human genomic DNA (100%) and the prevalence of T. vaginalis infection was 5.6% (n = 17). Of the 300 women, 293 (97.7%) indicated that they liked the use of the device, 287 (95.7%) reported having had no difficulty in handling it, 265 (88.3%) did not feel any type of discomfort and 228 (76%) said they preferred the self-collection to the collection made by the professional, mainly due to privacy and comfort. Conclusions: The Evalyn® Brush proved reliable as a device for the collection of biological samples for molecular analysis and was well-accepted by women. Its use can be indicated in remote and hard to reach places.

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Trichomonas vaginalis and associated factors among women living with HIV/AIDS in Amazonas, Brazil

Abstract: These results highlight that HIV-infected women should be screened for T. vaginalis. The control of this infection may have an impact on preventing reproductive complications among these women.

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

The prevalence of trichomoniasis and associated factors among women treated at a university hospital in southern Brazil

The prevalence of trichomoniasis and associated factors among women treated at a university hospital in southern Brazil

<i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i> and <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> Prevalence, Incidence and Associated Factors in Pregnant Adolescents from Belém City, in the Brazilian Amazon

T. vaginalis in riverside women in Amazonia, Brazil: an experience using the EVALYN® BRUSH vaginal self-collection device

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Trichomonas vaginalis and associated factors among women living with HIV/AIDS in Amazonas, Brazil

Abstract: These results highlight that HIV-infected women should be screened for T. vaginalis. The control of this infection may have an impact on preventing reproductive complications among these women.

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

The prevalence of trichomoniasis and associated factors among women treated at a university hospital in southern Brazil

The prevalence of trichomoniasis and associated factors among women treated at a university hospital in southern Brazil

&lt;i&gt;Trichomonas vaginalis&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Chlamydia trachomatis&lt;/i&gt; Prevalence, Incidence and Associated Factors in Pregnant Adolescents from Bel&#233;m City, in the Brazilian Amazon

T. vaginalis in riverside women in Amazonia, Brazil: an experience using the EVALYN® BRUSH vaginal self-collection device

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<i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i> and <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> Prevalence, Incidence and Associated Factors in Pregnant Adolescents from Belém City, in the Brazilian Amazon