Selective Detection of Ethylene Gas Using Carbon Nanotube‐based Devices: Utility in Determination of Fruit Ripeness

Esser, Birgit; Schnorr, Jan M.; Swager, Timothy M.

doi:10.1002/anie.201201042

Cited by 332 publications

(203 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…The system by Agar et al [29] can be adapted to be used in GC that will be described in the following. The sensor described by Esser et al [26] showed very good performances for such a relatively simple sensor. So far, only research on this topic is presented.…”

Section: (B) Electrochemical Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Ethylene detection in fruit supply chains

Janssen

Schmitt

Blanke

et al. 2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Ethylene is a gaseous ripening phytohormone of fruits and plants. Presently, ethylene is primarily measured with stationary equipment in laboratories. Applying in situ measurement at the point of natural ethylene generation has been hampered by the lack of portable units designed to detect ethylene at necessary resolutions of a few parts per billion. Moreover, high humidity inside controlled atmosphere stores or containers complicates the realization of gas sensing systems that are sufficiently sensitive, reliable, robust and cost efficient. In particular, three measurement principles have shown promising potential for fruit supply chains and were used to develop independent mobile devices: non-dispersive infrared spectroscopy, miniaturized gas chromatography and electrochemical measurement. In this paper, the measurement systems for ethylene are compared with regard to the needs in fruit logistics; i.e. sensitivity, selectivity, long-term stability, facilitation of automated measurement and suitability for mobile application. Resolutions of 20–10 ppb can be achieved in mobile applications with state-of-the-art equipment, operating with the three methods described in the following. The prices of these systems are in a range below €10 000.

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Section: (B) Electrochemical Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A chemoresistive sensor device was described by Esser et al [26,27] in 2012. In general, a chemoresistive sensor is a device that detects a gas through a change of the resistivity of an area or surface on the sensor induced by chemical bindings of the gas molecules.…”

Section: (B) Electrochemical Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene detection in fruit supply chains

Janssen

Schmitt

Blanke

et al. 2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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“…For this reason, CNT networks, mats, and films, which are less expensive and easier to manufacture than individual CNTs, have been employed as sensor components. [3][4][5][6] Many studies have shown that these types of CNT gas sensors can be used to detect N 2 , 7 CO 2 , 8,9 H 2 O 10,11 H 2 , 12,13 and other gases, [14][15][16][17][18][19] besides O 2 , NO 2 , and NH 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of adsorption energy for water molecules on a multi-walled carbon nanotube thin film by measuring electric resistance

2016

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Gas sensors based on carbon nanotube (CNT) films have attracted attention owing to their low power consumption. For further development of these sensors, we need to understand the surface interaction of the films with gas molecules. In our previous research, we investigated the influence of water molecules on the electrical conductance of multi-walled CNT films and explained this phenomenon using a two-layer adsorption model. This work motivated us to measure the adsorption energy of CNT-H2O. In this study, we focused on the first-layer adsorption and investigated the sheet resistance to water vapor pressure at various temperatures using the transmission line method (TLM). The results were fitted to Langmuir adsorption model and the adsorption equilibrium constant was determined. The temperature dependence of the sheet resistance followed a model of fluctuation induced tunneling (FIT), in which the energy barrier at the CNT junction is regarded as the main factor influencing the electrical conductance of the CNT film. The sheet resistance and equilibrium constant decreased as temperature increased. This result was consistent with the adsorption phenomenon. Finally, the adsorption energy was determined to be 0.22–0.31 eV, which is larger than the previously calculated value. It was also reported that the adsorption energy of the gas molecules in the interstitial site between two carbon nanotubes was larger than that on the CNT surface. These results indicate that the CNT junction plays a key role in the detection of gas molecules.

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“…[4,5] High selectivities towards single gas species have been recently reported via modifying the inorganic surface of nanostructured semiconductors with a defined organic functionality. [6][7][8][9] Theoretical simulations based on ab-initio density functional theory (DFT) for a system composed of SnO2 NWs modified with a defined self assembled monolayer (SAM) elucidated the reason for the high selectivity of such gas sensor: the energetic position of the SAM-gas frontier orbitals with respect to the NW Fermi level have been identified to be the crucial factor to ensure an efficient charge transfer upon gas-SAM binding interactions and thus to sense or discriminate a certain gas species. [7] The high flexibility of organic surface modifications in terms of functional groups as well as their sterical and electronic structure possibly might enable the targeted design of various specific gas sensors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Highly Selective and Self‐Powered Gas Sensor Via Organic Surface Functionalization of p‐Si/n‐ZnO Diodes

et al. 2014

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Low power consumption and reliable selectivity are the two main requirements for gas sensors to be applicable in mobile devices. [1] These technological platforms, e.g. smart phones or wireless sensor platforms will facilitate personalized detection of environmental and health conditions, and hence becoming the basis of the future core technology of ubiquitous sensing. Even today, health control as well as environmental monitoring is relying on immobile and complex detection systems with very limited availability in space and time. Recent works have shown promising concepts to realize selfpowered gas sensors that are capable of detecting gases without the need of external power sources to Submitted to 2 activate the sensor-gas interaction or to actively generate a read out signal. [2,3] These sensors drastically reduce power consumption compared to conventional semiconductor gas sensors and additionally reduce the required space for integration. All these attempts so far were based on purely nano structured inorganic metal oxide sensor materials that provide a good sensitivity towards different gases due to their high surface-to-volume ratio. However, due to their non-selective sensing mechanism based on oxygen vacancy-gas interactions, these purely inorganic sensors cannot accomplish a meaningful gas selectivity. [4,5] High selectivities towards single gas species have been recently reported via modifying the inorganic surface of nanostructured semiconductors with a defined organic functionality. [6][7][8][9] Theoretical simulations based on ab-initio density functional theory (DFT) for a system composed of SnO2 NWs modified with a defined self assembled monolayer (SAM) elucidated the reason for the high selectivity of such gas sensor: the energetic position of the SAM-gas frontier orbitals with respect to the NW Fermi level have been identified to be the crucial factor to ensure an efficient charge transfer upon gas-SAM binding interactions and thus to sense or discriminate a certain gas species. [7] The high flexibility of organic surface modifications in terms of functional groups as well as their sterical and electronic structure possibly might enable the targeted design of various specific gas sensors. However, all organic surface modified sensor systems so far are based on compact conductometric or field effect transistor (FET) sensor concepts that still require a remarkable amount of energy to generate a sensor signal (e.g. by applying a source-drain current). Up to date, none of the semiconductor based gas sensor systems could accomplish both, the selfpowered/low powered sensor operation and highly selective gas detection within a single and compact device.In this work, we present a semiconductor based gas sensor concept that combines the two substantial requirements of mobile gas sensing in a singular sensor device: self-powered operation combined with high gas selectivity. Beyond the combination of self-powered sensing and high selectivity, also a very high sensitivity could also been demonst...

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Selective Detection of Ethylene Gas Using Carbon Nanotube‐based Devices: Utility in Determination of Fruit Ripeness

Cited by 332 publications

References 24 publications

Ethylene detection in fruit supply chains

Ethylene detection in fruit supply chains

Estimation of adsorption energy for water molecules on a multi-walled carbon nanotube thin film by measuring electric resistance

A Highly Selective and Self‐Powered Gas Sensor Via Organic Surface Functionalization of p‐Si/n‐ZnO Diodes

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