1-V power supply CMOS cascode amplifier

A 0.8 V CMOS amplifier design

“…The power consumption is close to 80 µW. Compared with low voltage amplifier designs in [2] and [3], open loop gain in increased by 10 dB. The comparison of this amplifier with amplifiers in [2] and [3] is shown in Table 3.…”

“…Compared with low voltage amplifier designs in [2] and [3], open loop gain in increased by 10 dB. The comparison of this amplifier with amplifiers in [2] and [3] is shown in Table 3. The difference is due to a different design approach used here which incorporates a fixed voltage forward biasing of the source-substrate junctions for all transistors with improved level shift structure.…”

“…In [2], low voltage operation is achieved by using the bulk terminal as the controlling terminal to MOS transistors while the gate voltage is fixed. In [3], a special current controlled forward biasing of the well-channel junctions is used for all transistors. An improved level shift structure is used to further lower operational voltage.…”

“…Amplifiers are the basic and widely used circuits in CMOS analog and mixed-signal systems. In the past, work has been reported on low-voltage CMOS amplifier designs wherein, bulk drive, current bulk forward-biased MOSFETs have been used [2][3][4]. In [2], low voltage operation is achieved by using the bulk terminal as the controlling terminal to MOS transistors while the gate voltage is fixed.…”

A 0.8V, 7/spl mu/A, rail-to-rail input/output, constant G/sub m/ operational amplifier in standard digital 0.18/spl mu/m CMOS

“…To ensure operation close to IV with transistors having relatively high threshold voltages several design techniques such as input level shift [5], bulk driving [6][7], current driven bulk [8], floating-gate MOSFET [9] and DT-MOS [10] have been developed. Even though it is possible to overcome the threshold voltage problems, these methods have some disadvantages.…”