1 &lt;formula formulatype="inline"&gt;&lt;tex Notation="TeX"&gt;$\mu$&lt;/tex&gt;&lt;/formula&gt;m-Thickness Ultra-Flexible and High Electrode-Density Surface Electromyogram Measurement Sheet With 2 V Organic Transistors for Prosthetic Hand Control

Fuketa, Hiroshi; Yoshioka, Kazuaki; Shinozuka, Yuzo; Ishida, Koichi; Yokota, Tomoyuki; Matsuhisa, Naoji; Inoue, Yusuke; Sekino, Masaki; Sekitani, Tsuyoshi; Takamiya, Makoto; Sakurai, Takayasu

doi:10.1109/tbcas.2014.2314135

Cited by 63 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Instead, for this organic technology, it was found that the capacitor mismatch follows Pelgrom's area-scaling rule, resulting in a 6-bit switched-capacitor architecture. An interesting post-fabrication select-and-connect method has also been reported to cope with large mismatch values for organic transistors 57 . This method led to an optimal area and power overhead reduction, compared with the introduction of many parallel transistors.…”

Section: Analogue Circuitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of flexible integrated circuits based on thin-film transistors

2018

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T hin-film transistors (TFTs) are currently the dominant technology for in-pixel switches and drivers in flat-panel displays. Trends in consumer electronics demand ever-higher display resolution and brightness, lower power consumption, and new features and form factors (such as curved and foldable displays). This drives TFT devices to deliver more complex functions than simply switching. For example, recent bezel-less displays delegate the task of row selection to TFT circuits integrated next to the pixel array. Such driver circuits comprise thousands of switches operating together -previously a job for silicon chips mounted around the display.Beyond displays, how far can thin-film circuits go in terms of replacing silicon complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) chips? Fig. 1 illustrates the key advantages of thin-film circuits on flexible substrates. The circuits can be fabricated on large substrates, thereby creating very thin, lightweight and ultra-flexible electronics 1,2 . Folding, rolling or crumpling such flexible circuits is possible without destroying the electronic functionality. Because of these properties, a flexible TFT-based microprocessor 3 (Fig. 1d) or thin-film near-field communication (NFC) tag (Fig. 1e) can, for example, be integrated imperceptibly into any object. TFT technologies also have considerable potential for fabrication on ultrathin stretchable substrates 4 that can be made porous to create breathable devices for contact with skin. With these features, thin-film integrated circuits (ICs) could be a game-changer for wearable electronics. Ultrathin, conformable ICs in the form of a tattoo could be used to monitor vital body parameters, communicating these parameters directly to a patient's smartphone or a medical database.In this Perspective, I discuss the potential of thin-film circuits on plastic substrates for the development of Internet of Things (IoT) and wearable applications. First I look at the different TFT technologies that can be realized on flexible substrates, and then discuss the impact TFT technology will have on circuit design at the level of digital logic gates and very-large-scale integration (VLSI) digital circuits. For the latter, I consider the use of thin-film ICs in the creation of low-cost radiofrequency identification (RFID) tags for everyday items. Flexible chips may initially be used to simply identify each item. Then, when the RFID chip is potentially replaced with a thinfilm NFC chip, standard smartphones and tablets equipped with NFC readers could identify objects and connect them to the cloud. Another advantage of thin-film IC technology is its potential to be combined with sensor or signage technology, thereby integrating more functionality into the objects, which is discussed in a section on analogue circuits. Finally, I will briefly examine the potential of silicon CMOS chip technology to be interfaced directly with TFT circuitry. TFT technologyThe development and optimization of transistor technologies are driven by four important figures of me...

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Section: Analogue Circuitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of flexible integrated circuits based on thin-film transistors

2018

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“…[1][2][3] On the other hand, some examples of low voltage organic devices can also be found in the literature. 2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10] The reasons behind the need of high supply voltages is the low carrier mobility of p-type organic materials and low performance of printed or vacuum deposited gate dielectrics that have been used. In addition the scarcity of n-type organic semiconductors and p-type inorganic semiconductors leads to missing complementary circuits in both domains, 11 except their realization in hybrid systems.…”

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Digital power and performance analysis of inkjet printed ring oscillators based on electrolyte-gated oxide electronics

Marques

Garlapati

Dehm

et al. 2017

Applied Physics Letters

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Printed electronic components offer certain technological advantages over their silicon based counterparts, like mechanical flexibility, low process temperatures, maskless and additive manufacturing possibilities. However, to be compatible to the fields of smart sensors, Internet of Things and wearables, it is essential that devices operate at small supply voltages. In printed electronics mostly silicon dioxide or organic dielectrics with low dielectric constants have been used as gate isolators, which in turn has resulted in high power transistors operable only at tens of volts. Here, we present inkjet printed circuits which are able to operate at supply voltages as low as ≤ 2 V. Our transistor technology is based on lithographically patterned drive electrodes, the dimensions of which are carefully kept well within the printing resolutions; the oxide semiconductor, the electrolytic insulator and the top-gate electrodes have been inkjet printed. Our inverters show a gain of ∼ 4 and 2.3 ms propagation delay time at 1 V supply voltage. Subsequently built 3-stage ring oscillators start to oscillate at a supply voltage of only 0.6 V with a frequency of ∼ 255 Hz and can reach frequencies up to ∼ 350 Hz at 2 V supply voltage. Furthermore, we have introduced a systematic methodology for characterizing ring oscillators in the printed electronics domain, which has been largely missing. Benefiting from this procedure, we are now able to predict the switching capacitance and driver capability at each stage, as well as the power consumption of our inkjet printed ring oscillators. These achievements will be essential for analyzing the performance and power characteristics of future inkjet printed digital circuits.The application domains such as Internet of Things (IoT), smart sensors and wearables may benefit from printed electronics (PE) technology where the devices can be printed onto flexible or rigid substrates. Most of the devices in PE, are based on organic materials and suffer from high supply voltage requirements (> 10 V). 1-3 On the other hand, some examples of low voltage organic devices can also be found in the literature. 2,4-10 The reasons behind the need of high supply voltages is the low carrier mobility of p-type organic materials and low performance of printed or vacuum deposited gate dielectrics that have been used. In addition the scarcity of n-type organic semiconductors and p-type inorganic semiconductors leads to missing complementary circuits in both domains, 11 except their realization in hybrid systems. 2,12 Lithographically patterned ring oscillator structures based on organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) are able to perform at high frequency (200 kHz) but at the same time require high supply voltage (-60 V). printed, based on OFETs operate at high supply voltages (∼ −40 V) with frequencies below 5 Hz. 14,15 An OFET based 11-stage ring oscillator operating at only 3 V supply with a frequency of 1.7 Hz was also reported in literature. 7 By using an complementary design, the frequency was increase...

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“…85 Because the signals of interest are very small, their reliable readout usually requires amplifi ers. To place amplifi ers as close to the signal source as possible, fl exible amplifi ers are needed.…”

Section: Biosignal Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%