1-Cyclohexylpiperidine as a thermolytic draw solute for osmotically driven membrane processes

Orme, Christopher J.; Wilson, Angela K.

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2015.05.024

Cited by 47 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…A degasser preheater is included in the process to recover heat from the degasser liquid outlet stream. Our work has shown that switchable polarity solvents can be expected to have regeneration temperatures in the range of 60-80°C under atmospheric pressure conditions [17]. As there remains some level of uncertainty as to what the optimal degasser operating temperature will ultimately be, the process energy requirements in this analysis are reported for both degasser operating temperatures to bracket the expected range of results.…”

Section: Degassermentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Our initial demonstration of the SPS FO process used dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCA) [4]. While DMCA is a potential SPS draw solute an SPS optimized for SPS FO process has been sought [15][16][17][18] and suggest 1-cyclohexylpiperidine is an especially promising candidate. Regardless of the SPS employed in the process DMCA is an excellent model SPS and was used to develop the process energy model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy requirements of the switchable polarity solvent forward osmosis (SPS-FO) water purification process

et al. 2015

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Concentration dependent SPS FO water treatment processes energy model. • SPS FO process modeled with and without geothermal energy contributions. • SPS FO found to be economically viable over a wide range of concentrations.A model was developed to estimate the process energy requirements of a switchable polarity solvent forward osmosis (SPS FO) system for water purification from aqueous NaCl feed solution concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 4.0 molal at an operational scale of 480 m 3 /day (feed stream). The model indicates recovering approximately 90% of the water from a feed solution with NaCl concentration similar to seawater using SPS FO would have total equivalent energy requirements between 2.4 and 4.3 kWh per m 3 of purified water product. The process is predicted to be competitive with current costs for disposal/treatment of produced water from oil and gas drilling operations. Once scaled up the SPS FO process may be a thermally driven desalination process that can compete with the cost of seawater reverse osmosis.

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Section: Degassermentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy requirements of the switchable polarity solvent forward osmosis (SPS-FO) water purification process

et al. 2015

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“…However, care should be taken with choice of membranes, as it was found that conventional cellulose tri-acetate membranes were damaged by N(Me) 2 Cy, leading to reverse solute leakage, whilst polyamide membranes appeared to be unaffected [33]. The SPS 1-cyclohexylpiperidine (CHP) was used as a thermolytic draw agent [91]. This substance demonstrated comparable performance with the N(Me) 2 Cy but had an improved compatibility with polyamide membranes, which was demonstrated by long term filtration testing.…”

Section: Inorganic Draw Solutesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osmotic's potential: An overview of draw solutes for forward osmosis

et al. 2018

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Forward osmosis (FO) is a membrane separation process using a highly concentrated draw solution with high osmotic potential to draw water across a semi-permeable membrane from a feed source. This feed source may be seawater, wastewater or other natural or contaminated water sources. Unlike other membrane driven purification processes, the product is not clean water, but a diluted draw solution. As a result a second step is often needed to produce a pure water product. A major advantage of FO is that the low hydrodynamic pressure involved leads to lowered fouling of membranes and greater flux recovery after cleaning, as well as often providing a low energy process which can recover clean water from difficult or highly fouling sources. Selection of an appropriate and effective draw solution is essential for the practical operation of an FO process. This review will give an overview of the theoretical underpinnings of draw solution performance and a comprehensive summary of the current literature regarding the different types of draw solutions which have been investigated and their respective benefits and detriments. Highlights  Literature on draw solutions used in forward osmosis processes reviewed including the state-of-the-art  Overview of theoretical underpinning of draw solution performance  Up to date developments of draw solutes  Comparison of draw solute recovery methods

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“…23,24 SHS are hydrophobic organic bases that are poorly miscible with water in their neutral form, creating biphasic liquids when they are mixed with water. [30][31][32] A variety of compounds can display SHS behaviour. Removing CO 2 from the system reverts the SHS to its neutral form, recreating the biphasic liquid mixture.…”

Section: Applying the Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

A virtual screening approach to identifying the greenest compound for a task: application to switchable-hydrophilicity solvents

et al. 2015

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A virtual or in-silico screening approach makes it much easier to identify the molecular structure that best combines efficacy for a specific task with safety and minimum environmental or health impacts. In this approach, software is used to generate a larger number of possible molecular structures and then to use QSARs (quantitative structure-activity relationships) to predict properties related to performance, safety, and health and environmental impact. The structures are are then given scores on criteria (such as flash point or toxicity) and an overall score. The method identifies compounds that have high scores for the 3 performance criteria and 7 health, safety, and environmental criteria. This method allows for larger-scale and faster screening than can be performed using human intellect and a benchtop approach. The success of this approach is demonstrated by its application to the identification of new and possibly greener switchable-hydrophilicity solvents (SHS). Three SHS were identified using this method. This approach to molecular design is entirely modular and can be applied to the design of almost any type of chemical. However, limitations of the method include the fact that it does not take into consideration the health and environmental costs of manufacturing the chemical.

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1-Cyclohexylpiperidine as a thermolytic draw solute for osmotically driven membrane processes

Cited by 47 publications

References 42 publications

Energy requirements of the switchable polarity solvent forward osmosis (SPS-FO) water purification process

Energy requirements of the switchable polarity solvent forward osmosis (SPS-FO) water purification process

Osmotic's potential: An overview of draw solutes for forward osmosis

A virtual screening approach to identifying the greenest compound for a task: application to switchable-hydrophilicity solvents

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