Grape juice is consumed worldwide and studied due to the high antioxidant activities and contents. The color of grape juice is due to the presence of phenolic compounds such as anthocyanins. Therefore, color values can be an indicator of antioxidant capacities of grape juice. However, the correlation between color values and antioxidant activities in grape juice has not been well studied. In this study, the physicochemical characteristics and correlation between color values and antioxidant capacities of Korean red grape juices (five commercial juices from market and two juices prepared in the laboratory) were investigated to estimate antioxidant capacities. Antioxidant capacities were determined by 1,1-diphenlyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay, ferric ion reducing antioxidant power assay, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay. Total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents, and total anthocyanin contents, including five kinds of polyphenolic compounds, were examined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results for physicochemical properties showed similar values, except titratable acidity. The color hue values of the prepared juices were higher than those of commercial juices, which was in contrast to the lower color intensity values (P<0.05). The Hunter L, a, and b values showed almost no difference between commercial and prepared juices. The antioxidant activities and total phenolic contents of commercial juices were higher than those of prepared ones. Gallic acid, catechin, and quercetin were confirmed by HPLC in all samples. The total phenolic and total flavonoid contents showed positive correlation with antioxidant activities. In addition, antioxidant activities and contents correlated with color values. Thus, estimation of antioxidant capacity could be feasible through the spectrophotometric measurement of color values.
This study was conducted to establish optimized β-glucan extraction method through enzymatic hydrolysis from Phellinus baumii and investigate β-glucan contents and physicochemical properties. The optimal condition was obtained with the enzyme concentration of 0.66% (v/v), reaction time of 6.08 h (R 2 =0.9245) and the β-glucan contents from the Phellinus baumii extracts under the optimized condition was 1.9594 g/100 g. β-Glucan yield (0.76-16.40%) of enzyme beta-glucan extract (EBE) was three fold higher than that of non-enzyme beta-glucan extract (NEBE). β-Glucan purity (11.15-59.05%) of non-enzyme betaglucan (NEB) and that of enzyme beta-glucan (EB) were higher than that of NEBE and that of EBE. β-Glucan purity of EB (59.05%) and β-glucan contents of EB (3.38 g/100 g) showed higher than those of others. Total sugar contents (0.61-1.17 mg/ mL) showed that NEB and EB were higher than that of NEBE and EBE, EB had the highest total sugar content as 1.17 mg/mL, respectively. Protein contents (0.44-11.73 mg/mL) of NEBE and that of EBE were higher than that of NEB, that of EB. In FT-IR spectrum, the band at 890 cm −1 of microcapsule was attributed to a β-1,3-glucan. The toxicities of β-glucan from Phellinus baumii in both melanoma cell lines was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoli um bromide assay and β-glucan from Phellinus baumii has no toxicity until 30 μg/mL. The effects of β-glucan from Phellinus baumii on inhibition of cancer cell proliferation were detected by using a wound healing assay. The effect of NEB and EB were higher than NEBE and EBE, especially 30 μg/mL of EB had the highest in both melanoma cell lines.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.