This study was conducted to determine 10 preservatives (benzyl alcohol (BAl), phenoxyethanol (PE), benzoic acid (BA), sorbic acid (SA), methyl paraben (MP), ethyl paraben (EP), propyl paraben (PP), isopropyl paraben (IPP), butyl paraben (BP), isobutyl paraben (IBP)) levels in 125 cosmetics (n = 125) for children by the simultaneous analysis of HPLC. The detection ranges were as follows; 0.01 ~ 0.91% (n = 35) for PE, 0.01 ~ 0.48% (n = 28) for BA, 0.01 ~ 0.78% (n = 9) for BAl, 0.01 ~ 0.11% (n = 3) for SA, 0.04 ~ 0.21% (n = 8) for MP, 0.02 ~ 0.09% (n = 8) for PP, and 0.04% (n = 1) for EP. The order of detection rates was cleanser (63%) > cream (48%) > sunscreen (46%) > lotion (38%) > oil (13%). At least one of target preservatives was contained in 50% (63/125) of samples and the content of the detected preservatives was within maximum allowed amount established by KFDA. Phenoxyethanol and benzoic acid were used more frequently than paraoxybenzoate esters (parabens) in cosmetics for children and the detected parabens was mainly the mixture of methyl paraben and propyl paraben.
This study aimed to provide the fundamental data on the field of cosmetics by comparing heavy metal concentration in terms of domestic/foreign products, types and colors. The study determined the concentrations of lead, cadmium, arsenic, chromium, antimony, nickel, copper and cobalt in cosmetics such as lipstick, lip gloss, lip balm, foundation and eye liner. From the period of January to August, 2013, 121 samples were collected from cosmetic stores distributing to the general market. The average metal concentrations were as follows; 0.663 µg/g for lead, 0.010 µg/g for cadmium, 0.056 µg/g for arsenic, 1.144 µg/g for chromium, 0.008 µg/g for antimony, 0.405 µg/g for nickel, 0.319 µg/g for copper and 0.108 µg/g for cobalt. Except for chromium, the heavy metal concentrations were significantly higher in foreign products than in domestic products (p < 0.05). Also, The mean concentrations of heavy metal were significantly different (p < 0.05) when classified by cosmetic type. The highest mean concentrations shown in lipstick were 1.430 µg/g of chromium, 0.616 µg/g of lead and 0.385 µg/g of nickel, in foundation 1.155 µg/g of lead and 1.023 µg/g of chromium. In eye liner, the highest mean concentrations were 1.424 µg/g of chromium and 0.830 µg/g of nickel.
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