Results:The thirty-five percentage of Korean registered nurses reported the risk for depressive symptom. Korean nurses with higher 'work-family conflict' were more likely at the risk of depression almost 1.83 (95% CI 1.04~3.20) times than their counterpart. Higher 'possibilities for development' were more likely decrease almost 60% of the risk of depressive symptom. Conclusion: Work-family conflict and possibility of development were associated with depressive symptom among Korean registered nurses. We suggest future researches identifying strategies for decreasing work-family conflict and its negative effects. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The purpose of this study is to apply the expectancy disconfirmation model to consumer post-purchase behavior toward fast fashion brands. This study incorporated repurchase intention as a result of consumer satisfaction. It was hypothesized that consumer satisfaction, which is influenced by expectation, perceived performance, and disconfirmation, influences repurchase intention. It was also hypothesized that expectation influences performance. This study examined the brands and prices of the most recent purchases of fast fashion and also examined whether the purchases were planned or unplanned. The hypothesized path was tested and the relative influences of instrumental and symbolic performance on satisfaction were identified. Data were collected from questionnaires answered by 344 university students who were selected by convenience sampling. The results were as follows: 1) Purchased brands were, in the order of frequency of purchase, Uniqlo, Zara, H&M, and Forever21, followed by domestic brands, 8seconds, Spao, and Mixxo. The frequency of unplanned purchase was more than twice higher than planned purchase. 2) Based on expectation and performance, dissatisfactory group was larger than satisfactory group, which were 35.8% and 24.7% respectively. 3) It was revealed from the expectancy disconfirmation model analysis that expectation and performance had positive influence, but cognitive dissonance had negative influence on satisfaction. Satisfaction had significant influence on repurchase intention. The path analysis showed that all hypothesized path coefficients were significant. The results suggest some effective marketing strategies for marketers in the fast fashion industry.
Up to now, the studies about menopausal age were focused on the relationships with reproduction factors and the results weren't consistent or the subjects were limited in small groups. This study aimed to identify the relationship between the natural late-menopause and related factors including socioeconomic factors, in Korean women. Methods: This paper used the secondary data for analyses which was derived from the national representative samples of 1,236 women; National Health and Nutrition Surveys by Korea Institute for Health and Social affairs in 2005. For data analyses, Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were adopted for the samples of women who were in natural menopausal status. The related factors with the age at menopause were included socioeconomic variables and health related variables (physical or clinical variables & health behavior variables). Results: Present age and household income were related with late age at natural menopause. In addition to this, alcohol drinking, quality of life, age at first birth, and period of breast feeding were found to be related with the age at natural menopause. Conclusions: This study suggests that there are some possibilities for modifying age at natural menopause, that would reduce the risk for chronic diseases by lifestyle changes and socioeconomic support. Especially, women who were in low household income, or had alcohol drunk, early first birth, or long-term breast feeding (over 20 month) could be managed with respect to delay one's menopause onset and to improve health status.
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