To determine the optimum fermentation condition, the 50:50 feed mixture of both crushed corn and wet brewer's grain were anaerobically fermented at various conditions. Three supplementation levels(0, 2 %, and 5 %) of molasses, five supplementation levels(0, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0%) of yeast and five different incubation temperatures(4 , ℃ 10 , 30 ℃ , 40 ℃ and 50 ℃ ) were tested to determine the optimum fermentation conditions. During fermenta ℃ tion, alcohol concentration, live yeast cell number (LYCN) and pH values of the mixture were analyzed. Alcohol concentrations of the fermented feed mixtures were proportionally increased with increasing level of molasses supplementation. After 24 hr fermentation, alcohol concentrations at 0.1 %, 0.5 %, 1.0 % and 2.0 % of yeast supplementation was 1.9 %, 2.4 %, 3.1 % and 3.1 %, respectively. These results indicate a proportional increase of alcohol concentration with the increasing supplementation of yeast (P < 0.05) up to 1 %, thereafter showing plateau at 2 % supplementation. LYCN was relatively high with more than 0.5 % yeast supplementation, whereas the value was significantly low(P < 0.05) at 0.1 % yeast supplementation. Alcohol production was significantly higher at 30 and 40 ℃ than other incubation temperatures (P ℃ < 0.05), with the highest concentration at 30 . ℃ pH was rapidly decreased until 24 hours of incubation with steeper decrease at lower temperatures(P < 0.05). Based on there results, optimum fermentation conditions for the alcoholic-fermented feed production could be achieved with 5 % supplementation of molasses, 1 % supplementation of yeast, and 24 hr long incubation at 30 . ℃
This study was conducted to examine the effects of supplementing coated vitamin C+E with cottonseed on rumen fermentation and body weight gain, blood metabolites and hormone concentrations in Hanwoo steers fed fermented feedstuff. Experiments were done with two treatment groups, T1 without any supplements and T2 supplemented with coated vitamin C + E and cottonseed. Ruminal pH was lower in T2 than in T1 at 3h after morning feeding (p<0.05), but was higher in T2 than in T1 at 6 and 9h after morning feeding (p<0.05). Ruminal ammonia concentration was higher in T2 than in T1 for 12h after morning feeding (p<0.05). Concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate and total-VFA were higher in T2 than in T1 at 3h after morning feeding (p<0.05), but were lower in T2 than in T1 at 9 and 12h after morning feeding (p<0.05). Average daily gain and concentrations of blood metabolites and hormones between T1 and T2 were similar. Results indicate that supplementation of coated vitamin C + E and cottonseed to fermented feedstuff affects on ruminal pH, ammonia and VFA. But it has no influences on body weight gain and concentrations of blood metabolites and hormones in Hanwoo steers.
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