The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among the variables and the influence of academic self-efficacy and critical thinking disposition on the problem solving ability of nursing students. A descriptive research design was employed in this study. The participants were 404 sophomore nursing students in D city, who were surveyed between May 2 and May 20, 2016, using self-report questionnaire. The data were analyzed with SPSS WIN 21.0 using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, t-test, Scheffe test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple stepwise regression analysis. Significant correlations among the academic self-efficacy, critical thinking disposition, and problem solving ability were found. In academic self-efficacy and critical thinking disposition, there were significant differences in gender, academic credit, interpersonal relationship, and satisfaction with nursing as a major. The problem solving ability showed statistically significant differences in academic credit, interpersonal relationships, and satisfaction with nursing as a major. The regression model explained 51.7% of the effect on the problem solving ability. Academic self-efficacy and critical thinking disposition were factors influencing the problem solving ability of nursing students. Based on these results, to increase problem solving ability of nursing students, it will be necessary to develop an educational program and strategy for improving the academic self-efficacy and critical thinking disposition.
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