Pine wilt disease has known as a serious forest disease in East Asia such as Japan, Korea and China. Fumigation and burning are considered as best way to treat infected tree at early detection. For investigate spectral reflectance characteristics of infected trees, periodic measurement has been done in both infected and non-infected trees. Infected and non-infected trees' reflectance (400 nm~2,500 nm wavelength) are detected from June to October with GER3700 spectrometer. Noise of reflectance data was corrected using cubic spline interpolation method. Reflectance was changed in most of infected trees with ranges Red (600 nm~700 nm) and Middle Infrared (1,400 nm~1,500 nm) within two months after injected by Pine Wood nematode (PWN), but there was no differences in non-infected trees. Infected and non-infected trees were compared statistically in each period. As a result, we found that a statistically significant difference was occurred at Red and Middle Infrared (MIR) 2 months after injection (p<0.05), however, no significant difference in near infrared (p>0.05). Therefore, the early detection of infested pine trees by PWN may possible through detecting the change of spectral reflectance at red and MIR.
Objectives:The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between dental fear and subjective oral health-related quality of life. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 320 subjects in Seoul and Gyeonggido from June to August, 2014 after permission from Institutional Review Board (IRB). Except incomplete 9 copies, 311 data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 19.0 program. The questionnaire consisted of five questions of the general characteristics of the subjects, twelve questions of oral health related quality of life, eighteen questions of dental fear, and one question of awareness toward subjective health status. Results: The explanation power of subjective oral health-related quality of life on dental fear was 26.2 percent. As the subjective oral health-related quality of life increased by 1 point, the dental fear decreased at the rate of 0.645 (p<0.001). Conclusions: Higher subjective oral health-related quality of life will diminish the dental fear. Regular dental checkups and preventive treatment are very important to enhance the oral health-related quality of life in those who visit the dental clinic.
In this study, the effect of lysozyme, albumin and globulin on the oxygen transmissibility of soft contact lenses was investigated. Methods: The amount of deposited protein was measured after exposing etafilcon A lens (high water content, ionic) and hilafilcon B lens (high water content, non ionic) to lysozyme, albumin and globulin solutions, respectively and the oxygen transmissibility of those lenses was measured by employing the polarographic method. Results: The amount of lysozyme deposition in etafilcon A lens was greater than 100 times compared with albumin and globulin depositions. The correlation between protein deposition and decrease in oxygen transmissibility was shown in all protein solutions, and the decrease of oxygen transmissibility caused by a large amount of lysozyme deposition was greater when the exposure time was same. However, when the same amount of tear protein was deposited, the decrease of oxygen transmissibility caused by globulin was the largest. The deposited amounts of lysozyme, albumin, and globulin in hilafilcon B lens were almost same and much smaller compared with those in etafilcon A lens, and the change in oxygen transmissibility was not significant. Hilafilcon B lens also had a correlation between the amount of globulin deposition and decrease in oxygen transmissibility. Conclusions: Therefore, it is suggested that the consideration of the amount of deposited protein in the soft contact lens as well as the type of deposited protein is necessary since the difference in oxygen transmissibility according to soft contact lens materials is related to the amount of protein deposition in the lens and globulin has the greatest effect on oxygen transmissibility.
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