Analgesia by Non-Anesthesiologists"in 1993 and updated them in 2002. These guidelines provide recommendations and cautions for non-anesthesiologists to allow them to perform effective and safe sedation and analgesia. The guidelines emphasize that sedation and analgesia comprise a continuum of states. High-quality, safe sedation requires pre-operative patient examination, confirmation of fasting time, appropriate monitoring, adequate emergency equipment, compliance with principles of drug administration, and validation of discharge criteria. In addition, practitioners should always be aware that levels of sedation change according to circumstances.
In emergency situations, rescuers must occasionally secure the airway while the patient is in a restricted position, rather than in the ideal supine position. We compared the utility of Air-Q ® (Air-Q) and i-gel ® (i-gel) for emergency airway management in such positions. Nineteen anesthesiology trainees performed Air-Q and i-gel insertions using a simulated manikin in the supine (Supine) , left lateral decubitus (Left-LT) , right lateral decubitus (Right-LT) , prone (Prone) , and sitting (Sitting) positions to assess the performance of these devices. The success rate for ventilation did not differ significantly among the five positions in the Air-Q trial. In contrast, the success rate was significantly lower in the Prone and Sitting positions than in the Supine position in the i-gel trial. The insertion time in the successful trials did not significantly differ among all five positions in both Air-Q and i-gel trials. Based on these results, we conclude that the Air-Q may be more useful than other methods for airway management in various positions.
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