The interplay of the Rashba effect and the spin Hall effect originating from current induced spin-orbit coupling was investigated in the as-deposited and annealed Pt/Co/MgO stacks with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. The above two effects were analyzed based on Hall measurements under external magnetic fields longitudinal and vertical to dc current, respectively. The coercive field as a function of dc current in vertical mode with only the Rashba effect involved decreases due to thermal annealing. Meanwhile, spin orbit torques calculated from Hall resistance with only the spin Hall effect involved in the longitudinal mode decrease in the annealed sample. The experimental results prove that the bottom Pt/Co interface rather than the Co/MgO top one plays a more critical role in both Rashba effect and spin Hall effect.
Two-dimensional van der Waals materials (2D materials for short) have developed into a novel material family that has attracted much attention, and thus the integration, performance and application of 2D van der Waals heterostructures has been one of the research hotspots in the field of condensed matter physics and materials science. The 2D van der Waals heterostructures provides a flexible and extensive platform for exploring diverse physical effects and novel physical phenomena, as well as for constructing novel spintronic devices. In this topical review article, starting with the transfer technology of 2D materials, we will introduce the construction, performance and application of 2D van der Waals heterostructures. Firstly, the preparation technology of 2D van der Waals heterostructures in detail will be presented according to the two classifications of wet transfer and dry transfer, including general equipment for transfer technology, the details steps of widely used transfer methods, a three-dimensional manipulating method for 2D materials, hetero-interface cleaning methods. Then, we will introduce the performance and application of 2D van der Waals heterostructures, with a focus on 2D magnetic van der Waals heterostructures and their applications in the field of 2D van der Waals magnetic tunnel junctions and moiré superlattices. The development and optimization of 2D materials transfer technology will boost 2D van der Waals heterostructures to achieve breakthrough results in fundamental science research and practical application.
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