Two new species belonging to the genus Trhypochthoniellus were described from several mires in northern Japan: T. brevisetus sp. nov. and T. taisetsuensis sp. nov. The Japanese species, described as T. setosus Willmann, 1928 in the past (Kuriki and Aoki, 1989) should be regarded as T. brevisetus sp. nov. according to Weigmann's conception (1997 and1999) and Subias (2004) by 1) large body size, 2) three pairs of setae (le, in and ex) on prodorsum longer than any other congeneric species, 3) short setae (c 1 , c 2 , cp, d 1 and d 2 ) on notogaster, 4) setae h 3 remote from h 2 , 5) seta cha on chelicera minute, approximating to seta chb, and 6) lacking of solenidion ω 2 on tarsus II. The species showed some morphological variations between the specimen in low altitude localities and high altitude localities. T. taisetsuensis sp. nov. is distinguishable from any congeneric species by 1) small body size, 2) notogastral surface lacking network-like structure, 3) the small number of genital setae, and 4) long setae on infracapiturum.
Two new species of Hydrozetes are described from several Sphagnum mires in Japan: Hydrozetes japonicus sp. n. and H. harundinosus sp. n. Local variability and certain ecological characters are surveyed in H. japonicus, a common species in the Sphagnum mires of North Japan. H. lemnae (Coggi, 1897) was collected for the fi rst time from Japan. The Japanese species is redescribed in this paper.
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