Cities are complex socio鄄economic鄄natural ecosystems dominated by human activities, which define land use patterns. Urban ecological infrastructure is the important foundation of urban sustainable development and also the substantial guarantee of eco鄄city development. Ecosystem service is the core and key of urban ecological infrastructure construction. Ecosystem services provided by ecological infrastructure in urban areas include air purification, climate regulation, noise reduction, waste treatment, food supply, water flow regulation and runoff mitigation, urban temperature regulation, moderation of environmental extremes, pollination and seed dispersal, recreation and cognitive development, animal sighting and ecosystem disservices. With rapid urbanization, it is of great importance to ensure the structural integrity and functional perfection of the ecological infrastructure. The paper began with brief description about the concept and types of the ecological infrastructure based on ecosystem services; then reviewed the research status of ecological infrastructure from three aspects: 1) urban wetland ecological infrastructure; 2) urban green space ecological infrastructure; 3) ecological engineering and reconstruction of urban impervious surface; The influences of urbanization on urban wetlands and green space were analyzed. The complex ecological effect and its evaluation methods of urban impervious surface, including urban flooding, heat island effect, atmospheric haze, noise, water and soil pollution, habitant loss and biodiversity
:Direct ink writing is an additive manufacturing technology based on slurry extrusion. It is easy to operate and low-cost, and can be used in the preparation and forming of biological scaffolds. 10% Alg is added to HA/PLA composites as a crosslinking agent to support the DIW parts, and then the physical, chemical and biological properties of the composites and the DIW parts are evaluated. The results show that the optimal post-treatment temperature of the DIW part is 80 ℃, the elongation of the tensile specimen is 0.06%, and the tensile strength is 0.5 MPa. The composite material still had good biocompatibility and osteoinductivity of PLA and HA after the DIW process and post-treatment processes. In the cytotoxicity experiment, the number of cells in the DIW parts and tablet-formed parts exhibited a significant growth trend which indicated no obvious toxicity. It is demonstrated that it is feasible to form this biodegradable material by direct ink writing. And the mechanical properties of the DIW parts can be improved through some optimization at a later stage. Key words:direct ink printing (DIW);nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA);polylactic acid (PLA);biodegradable material
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