Terminal restrain fragment length polymorphism (T鄄RFLP) technique was employed to investigate the microbial community structure and composition in the rhizosphere of weak and strong allelopathic rice varieties directly sowing on dry paddy field at 5鄄leaf stage and 7鄄 leaf stage. The results showed that 9-87 TRFs and 15-89 TRFs were detected from the soil DNA digested with two restriction enzymes Hae 芋 and Msp 玉, respectively. The rank鄄abundance of TRFs from different samples showed extremely significant difference, indicating that relative abundance of rhizosphere bacteria was markedly different. The diversity indices including species abundance (S) , Shannon鄄wiener diversity index (H) , Pilow diversity index (D) and evenness index (E) were used to analyse the diversity of TRFs in 6 samples. The analysis of correlation coefficients among species indices showed that Shannon鄄wiener diversity index was the best one for the invesitigation of the species diversity. The Shannon鄄wiener diversity in the sample of PI7 was the highest compared with
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