Cold injury is one of the main problems in winter wheat production in the Huanghuaihai wheat region. Winter wheat grows rapidly at the jointing stage, and becomes sensitive to the drops in temperatures that frequently occur in spring. Low temperature during the jointing stage restricts the growth of winter wheat and directly affects grain yield. Therefore, correctly evaluating and improving the cold resistance of wheat varieties is very important for grain security. In this study, we evaluated the cold tolerance of 24 wheat varieties grown in the Huanghuaihai region. The wheat plants were grown in pots outdoors, and they were moved into an artificial climate chamber and subjected to a cold treatment at the jointing stage. After the cold treatment, we measured seven physiological indices in leaves; relative electrical conductivity, soluble sugars content, soluble protein content, free proline content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and peroxidase (POD) activity. The results showed that the soluble protein content was lower in low鄄temperature鄄 treated plants than in the control plants (P<0.01) , while the other six indices showed higher values in the low鄄temperature鄄
Low鄄covered vegetation is one of typical vegetation patterns in arid and semi鄄arid areas of China through a long term nature succession. These vegetation types consist of a lot natural sparse woodland and shrubbery, the sandland is under semi鄄shifting and semi鄄fixing. However, we found that at low vegetation coverage, the horizontal distribution pattern of trees and shrubs can have marked effects on fixation of shifting sands, and different horizontal distribution patterns have the different restoration degrees of the soil and vegetation. In this paper, for clarify impacts of low鄄covered sand fixing forest belts on natural vegetation restoration and soil development, the variation and rule of soil nutrients and vegetation with different distribution patterns were researched in Aohan, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia. The characteristics of community and structure, the physical and chemical characteristics of soil, the amount of soil microbes in different distribution patterns were investigated. The data obtained from the experiment were analyzed with the principal components, the canonical correlation and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, which obtain coefficient of different recovery scale. Results show: Belt
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