The article proves the need to create an effective system of training athletes, which is the basis for ensuring higher achievements in sports and causes a certain rise in the field of scientific and pedagogical research on the problems of sports pedagogy, physical education, and education of youth. It urges one to optimize educational conditions for training future physical education teachers for physical and sports activities based on the latest neuropedagogical and didactic requirements. The research aims to experimentally verify the newly created or updated pedagogical conditions required to train future physical education teachers for sport and physical activity at secondary schools. Research methods are as follows: modelling, observations, tests, questionnaires, pedagogical experiment, tests determining the level of physical development, the PWCno test, anthropomorphological measurements (body weight, height, chest circumference, lung capacity), heart rate, respiratory rate; methods of mathematical statistics (Student's t-test, Pearson's χ2 criterion). The experimental group consisted of 180 respondents and the control group – 189 respondents. A high level increased by 16.5%, an average level – by 24.3%; a low level decreased by 40.8%. Conclusions. It has been found that the experimental group students have higher levels of readiness for sport and physical activity at secondary schools. Moreover, the indicated differences in the levels are not coincidental and are the result of the implementation of relevant pedagogical conditions. The international relevance of the article lies in expanding the formative and diagnostic instruction tools within the updated conditions, which corresponds to innovative technological and neuropedagogical approaches to developing a physical education teacher today.
Aim. The aim of the research is to justify the theoretical and methodological bases of multicultural education and verify experimentally the efficiency of the pedagogical technology of forming students’ multicultural competence at higher education institutions. Methods. The study reviews the changes in the levels of students’ multicultural competence. The methodological bases of the study are theories of language multicultural education, the unity of language and culture, multi-perspective learning, “cultural differences,” social learning, neo-Freudian theory, self-determination theory, developmental learning theory. Results. The realisation of the ideas of multiculturalism has a positive effect on the harmonious development, cultivates a tolerant attitude to other ethnic groups and peoples, promotes good neighbourly relations, effective conflict resolution, intercultural dialogue and mutual understanding. Acquiring these characteristics, students entirely understand national and universal values, and are able to interact constructively in the modern multicultural world at a sustainable level. Conclusions. The implementation of the developed pedagogical conditions and the author’s pedagogical technology of forming students’ multicultural competence at higher education institutions contributed to a significant increase in the levels of their multicultural competence. This was confirmed by statistical changes in the level of students’ multicultural competence of the experimental group compared to the control group: the number of students with stable (by 34,3%) and situational (by 12,7%) levels significantly increased, the number of students with fragmentary level decreased (by 47%). Thus, the obtained results prove that the developed pedagogical technology is effective for forming students’ multicultural competence.
The latest studies have shown that the parameters of physical development of children with hearing loss are attracting the attention of the scientific community. However, there are few studies that investigate changes in the physical condition of deaf children after improving physical education. The purpose of this work is to study the physical condition of deaf primary school-age children and develop a corrective program using methods of physical education. The study included 72 deaf children (to the experimental nEG=37 and the control group nCG=35) and 28 primary school-age children with normal hearing. The choice of research sample was random and the age of the children ranged from 6-10 years old. The physical condition of the schoolchildren was determined using a set of medical and biological methods: blood pressure measurement, heart rate calculation according to the electrocardiogram R-R interval, spirometry, electrocardiography, echocardiography, physical work capacity (PWC150) test, measurement of catecholamines using E. Matlina’s method, and anthropometry. The experimental physical education program consisted of a set of physical, breathing and posture exercises as well as physical games. Games were divided by complexity, level of perception, physical intensity, and impact on the body. It was determined that deafness negatively affects anthropometric indicators, the respiratory system, and the functional condition of the sympathoadrenal system, but does not affect the morpho-functional values of cardiac performance in primary school-age children. The study proves the effectiveness of adopting exercise programs based on physical games as a means of correcting the physical condition of deaf children. The study confirmed that the implementation of exercise programs for the correction of the physical condition of deaf primary school-age children by means of physical education based on physical games in the daily routine of special boarding schools has a positive effect on the children’s respiratory, cardiovascular and sympathoadrenal systems.
Анотація. У статті актуалізовано проблему програмно-цільового підходу до управління професійною підготовкою майбутнього вчителя фізичної культури. Розкрито особливості програмно-цільового підходу та обґрунтовано шляхи його реалізації в умовах кредитно-модульної системи навчання. Метою статті є розкриття особливостей програмно-цільового підходу та обґрунтування шляхів його реалізації в процесі управління професійною підготовкою майбутнього вчителя фізичної культури. Методи дослідження. Для вирішення поставлених завдань використовувалися такі методи дослідження: аналіз і узагальнення психологопедагогічної та навчально-методичної літератури, які дали можливість з'ясувати сучасний стан теорії і практики оптимізації педагогічного процесу, систематизувати та узагальнити інформацію про досліджуваний об'єкт та створити модель оптимізації професійної підготовки вчителів фізичної культури. Здійснено спробу довести, що такий підхід є одним з ефективних механізмів підвищення якості освітніх послуг у вищій школі. Наведені програми, що застосовуються для досягнення цілі на різних рівнях їх розробки і здійснення, зокрема, загальноуніверситетському, факультетському (інститутському), кафедральному (груповому) і особистісному, що дало можливість значно оптимізувати професійну підготовку майбутніх вчителів фізичної культури. Визначено ефективність роботи керівника педагогічного колективу (структурного підрозділу) в вищій школі щодо оптимізації відносин, які управляються та оцінюються за наступними критеріями: а) зміст діяльності (обсяг і якість виконаної роботи); б) ступінь згуртованості колективу за певний період роботи; в) авторитет керівника (виборність керівника). Ключові слова: програмно-цільовий підхід, процес, професійна підготовка, вчитель, фізична культура, кредитно-модульна система.
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