The article considers the methodology of ensuring the dependability of information and control systems using multi-purpose maintenance strategies. The relevance of research is due to the need to ensure the functioning of dependable information and control systems in the face of changes in requirements, environmental parameters, and the manifestation of unspecified failures of their components. The methodology is presented at the system level as a combination of the concept of multi-purpose maintenance, as well as the principles of taking into account changes in the information and control system and environment during the life cycle; comprehensive consideration of different types of failures, and the effects of change; multi-purpose maintenance and combines a set of new models and methods for determining the parameters of dependability information and control systems and the choice of parameters for their maintenance procedures. The proposed concept of multi-purpose maintenance is obtained by developing the Fon-Neumann paradigm and is formulated as a concept of building reliable and secure systems from insufficiently dependable components and multi-purpose maintenance on combined strategies in changing conditions and environment. The scope of the proposed concept is applicable in cases where the principles of von-Neumann do not allow building a viable system due to economic, temporal, or other reasons. In this case, the use of principles, methods, and models that are conceptual, extends to information and control systems built using maintained components and system multi-purpose service strategies. The proposed principle of taking into account changes involves the expansion of the classical control circuit of the fault-tolerant system, which response to the fault occurrence as errors and failures. The principle of comprehensive consideration of different types of failures and the effects of change is a continuation of the principles of unity and connection during the procedures of system analysis. It is also a logical continuation of the facet arrangement of fault types and chains of causal relationships from faults and defects to faults, failures, and errors. Within the framework of the proposed methodology, multi-purpose maintenance strategies, a set of options for goals, types, processes, properties, and parameters of information and control systems have been developed, which reduces model uncertainty and justifies practical measures to ensure dependability at different stages of the life cycle.
The Markov availability model of a physical security system is investigated. The actuality of research caused by the need to protect the physical security systems not only from physical failures, but also from cyber-attackers. When constructing the model, it is assumed that the properties of stationary, ordinariness and absence of aftereffects of event flows in the system, the low probability of failure of the software component and cloud services. It also takes into account the fact that acts of vandalism occur on objects of the first zone that are outside the perimeter. The typical algorithm of construction of the Markov model based on determination of sets of states and mechanisms of interaction is used. The evaluation of the functioning of the multi-zone system was carried out taking into account three degrees of degradation from the normal state to the states of simultaneous failure of all three zones. The top state of S1 corresponds to the normal state of the system without failures. The states S2, S3, S4 correspond to the states of the first level of degradation of the system, in which hardware failure occurred in one of the zones. The states S5, S6, S7 correspond to the states of the second level of degradation of the system, in which there were hardware failures in two zones. Condition S8 corresponds to the state of complete failure of all three zones of the system. To evaluate the availability functions, the Markov model was calculated and investigated for different sets of input data. The following parameters were chosen: hardware failure rate due to unintentional physical and design defects; the intensity of recovery of hardware after failure and the degree of "aggression" of the attackers, which depends on external factors. The results of the simulation conclude that the parameters of failure rates and recovery are affected by the availability values of the different degradation levels and the relationship between them. It is determined that with increasing input parameters - the failure rate of hardware and the coefficient of "aggression" of intruders, the stationary availability coefficients of all levels of degradation decrease.
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