энергосбережения напрямую связан с повышением эффективности использования газа. При этом эффективность использования энергии является комплексным понятием, включающим не только вопросы технологической эффективности, но и требования к экономической, социальной и экологической составляющей процессов. При этом проблема оценки эффективности использования энергии является более общей проблемой эффективного использования ресурсов в сравнении с альтернативными энерго-и ресурсоиспользующими процессами, приведенными к сопоставимым условиям анализа. Кроме того, следует различать эффективность с точки зрения потребителей, производителей и поставщиков энергоресурсов, а также с точки зрения общеэкономической (государственной) эффективности.
The approach to the allocation of climate factors, that influence on gas consumption with consideration of their interdependence, nonlinearity and inertia of factors has been reviewed. In addition to the classical approach of linear consideration of the dependence on the degree-days of heating and air conditioning, an additional consideration of the factors of lighting and precipitation level has been offered. The nonlinearity of dependences has been modelled by power functions, and the inertia effect by averaging data for the previous few months. The proposed mechanism makes it possible to exclude climatic factors from the actual data of gas consumption and, as a consequence, to allocate the influence of macroeconomic factors and the energy saving factor.
An approach to the allocation of economic and macroeconomic factors, affecting the final energy consumption, taking into account the seasonal unevenness of industrial production and the inertia of changes in the production of final products relative to the consumption of energy required for their production, has been considered in the article. In addition, factors have been reviewed not only at the end of the value chain on the basis of gas-consuming industries, but also taking into account the indicators of the raw material sector of the economy, which determines the beginning of the value chain.
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