Introduction. An inguinal hernia is a serious surgical issue in premature infants as this is one of the reasons leading to increased lethality and longer treatment duration. The purpose of the study was to estimate the possibility and effectiveness of endosurgical treatment of inguinal hernias in premature infants.Material and methods. 705 patients with inguinal hernias aged 0–3 months have been treated at the Center for Surgery of Newborns in Irkutsk during the last 15 years from January 2004 to December 2018. The gestational age of 51 infants was less than 37 weeks. All the patients underwent laparoscopic hernia repair with extracorporeal ligation. During the final stage of the study, demographic data, intra- and postoperative results were compared.Results. The experience of treating 51 premature infants with inguinal hernias was analyzed. The children were distributed into groups as follows: 1,500–2,500 g for 35 patients, 1,000–1,500 g for 14 patients, less than 1,000 g for 2 patients. The average weight and age was 1,870 g/36.9 days for children with low body weight, 1148.3 g/48.9 days for children with very low body weight and 810 g/69 days for children with extremely low body weight. The average surgery duration ranged from 28.8 min to 35 min. According to the results of the study, increased gestational age and body weight decreases the risk of postoperative apnea from 100% to 11.8%.Conclusion. It must be noted that minimally invasive surgeries are less traumatic and effective interventions when treating premature infants with inguinal hernias. In infants with premature hernias, a surgery is always associated with the risk of postoperative apnea and AVL dependent on the body weight and gestational age.
Резюме Введение. Внутриутробная инвагинация является одной из редких причин, которые могу приводить к атрезии тонкой кишки. Цель исследования заключается в демонстрации возможности использования лапароскопии в лечении этого заболевания. Материал и методы. В исследовании представлено описание опыта эндохирургического лечения пациента c атрезией тонкой кишки типа IIIА, обусловленной инвагинацией, возникшей в пренатальном периоде. Это был недоношенный младенец мужского пола, чей гестационный возраст на момент рождения составлял 26 недель, а масса тела-1280 грамм. Представлены технические детали хирургической процедуры, а также ранние и отдаленные результаты этой операции. Результаты. Хирургическое лечение кишечной атрезии было выполнено на 2 день жизни. Использовался «мягкий» карбоперитонеум с параметрами углекислого газа-поток 1,5 л/мин, давление 8 мм.рт.ст. Оптический порт был установлен в левой подвздошной области. Два других инструментальных порта были размещены билатерально от телескопа, обеспечивая принцип «триангуляции». Осмотр брюшной полости показал атрезию подвздошной кишки типа IIIA, локализованную в 8 см от илеоцекального клапана. Произведена резекция слепых концов приводящей и отводящей кишки. При резекции дистального сегмента в его просвете обнаружено дополнительное образование, которое представляло собой внутриутробную кишечную инвагинацию. Выполнен полностью лапароскопический интракорпоральный кишечный анастомоз. Длительность операции составила 65 минут. Старт энтерального питания был возможен на вторые сутки после операции. Полное энтеральное питание восстановлено на 5 сутки после операции. В раннем периоде наблюдений после операции не отмечалось признаков несостоятельности анастомоза. Младенец выписан из госпиталя на 28 сутки жизни, когда его вес достиг 1800 грамм. В ходе наблюдения за пациентом на протяжении 6 месяцев не было обнаружено признаков нарушения кишечного транзита. Заключение. Лапароскопический анастомоз, выполненный в условиях высокопоточного детского хирургического центра, является альтернативой открытой хирургии в лечении пациентов с атрезией тонкой кишки, вызванной внутриутробной инвагинацией. Требуются более масштабные мультицентровые исследования, чтобы определить роль лапароскопии в лечении этого заболевания.
Spontaneous liver rupture is rare and highly dangerous, life-threatening condition occurring in 1–2% of pregnant women with preeclampsia and eclampsia. There are more than 100 similar case reports in the literature. It is believed that liver rupture is caused by HELLP syndrome as one of the signs of preeclampsia. The results of surgical treatment is still unsatisfactory. Appropriate treatment strategy is absent because of rareness of this condition. It is presented case report of a woman with spontaneous liver rupture associated with HELLP syndrome. Patient underwent perihepatic tamponade, endovascular embolization of right hepatic artery followed by right-sided hemihepatectomy.
Введение Гастростомия-широко распространенная операция у детей, которая выполняется в настоящее время с помощью открытой и эндоскопической хирургии [1-8]. Показаниями для выполнения этой
The study presents a discussion of the literature on congenital non-parasitic cysts of the liver known to date. Congenital non-parasitic cysts of the liver in children are rare. In children, the cysts are believed to be the unique reason for abdominal tumors. Although the majority of liver cysts in children are asymptomatic, some infants can have the symptoms in the prime of life frequently requiring urgent surgery. All the patients need a surgery to prevent complications and malignization of the cyst. The purpose of the surgery is to enucleate the cyst preventing a cancer recurrence. Minimally invasive surgery is used to treat hepatic cysts in children with ever-increasing frequency.
Introduction. Gastric perforation in neonates is a rare disease with high post-operative lethality. The purpose of our study was to analyze risk factors of gastric peroration in neonates and present the surgical treatment outcomes. Materials and methods. We examined the outcomes of surgical treatment of 18 neonates with gastric perforation. At the time of surgery, they have been staying at Ivan and Matryona Children’s Clinical Hospital since January 2000. Demographic measures such as gestational age, after-birth age, gender, and weight at birth are discussed. Risk factors for gastric perforation, gastric lesion localization and disease-related lethality were estimated. Results. We observed 18 premature children with gastric perforation amounting to 13.6% of the total number of children with gastrointestinal perforations. The patients were 1 to 30 days old (mean age of 6.3 days). Mean gestational age was 34 weeks. The weight ranged from 950 to 2.600 g (mean body mass was 2,151.8 g). 10 (55.5%) children had a gastric defect on the greater curvature, 2 (11.1%) children had it on the lesser curvature and 6 (33.3%) patients had the defect on the posterior wall of the stomach. In newborns with gastric perforation, post-operative lethality was 33.3% (n = 6). Conclusion. Preliminary abdominal paracentesis and drainage of the abdominal cavity with multiple organ failure correction until the basic surgery stage will probably improve treatment outcomes and decrease lethality due to decreased pressure in the abdominal cavity.
Introduction. The present trial systematizes data, taken from one surgical center as an example, on treating patients with intestinal atresia and necrotizing enterocolitis with multiple intestinal anastomoses.Material and methods. The trial is a retrospective review on the treatment of 13 newborn infants who since 2010 have been put multiple intestinal anastomoses; the treatment was approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee. The average gestational age of patients was 31.2 weeks. The average age at the time of surgery – 7,9 days. Average weight - 2007 grams. The average number of anastomoses was 3.7 (range: 2-7). The average length of remained small intestine after the second surgery was 67.4 cm (range: 12-120 cm). No other surgical procedures, including gastrostomy or enterostomy, were performed. In all cases, surgical intervention ended with hermetic suturing of the abdominal cavity. Among them, there were 6 patients with the multifocal form of necrotizing enterocolitis; 6 patients had type IV atresia of the small intestine; 1 patient had the Ladd’s syndrome. Connection of intestinal segments was made by constructing several “end-to-end” anastomoses, double-row precision seam with PDS II 7/0 suture.Results. In the postoperative period, complications associated with anastomosis construction, such as leakage and narrowing, were not recorded. Transit function of the gastrointestinal tract restored on day 4, on average, after the surgery (range: 2-6 days). There were no early lethal outcomes within the first 28 days after the surgery which were associated with the surgery. 2 patients with short bowel syndrome (remained small intestine was 12 and 25 cm) and multivisceral disorders died on day 72 and 64 after the surgery. Survived patients were transferred to full enteral feeding in 56 days, in average, after the second surgery (range - 15-120 days).Conclusion. In our study, we have demonstrated potentials of a new surgical approach: one-stage formation of multiple intestinal anastomoses in case of multiple intestinal atresias as well as in case of multifocal forms of necrotizing enterocolitis. Maintaining the bowel length with multiple bowel anastomoses is very important factor for better survival of patients with the short bowel syndrome.
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