Medicine stands for 10-12% of students’ health safety. The article covers the polyclinic’s role in students’ health strengthening. In this regard the legislation amendments have already produced some positive results. The article focuses on the medical backup under the Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of January 9, 2010 № 3 “On rules of the higher education programs enrolment for 2014/2015 academic year”. Applicants undergo medical examination in accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Social Affairs of April 12, 2011 № 302 N. Binding diagnostic testing to the age of applicants led to higher quality of annual physical exam and medical examinations. University’s health retreat helps reduce the negative social and economic impact on students’ health and provides after hospital stay treatment. Students are divided into health groups in accordance with their medical condition. Students’ health im-provement shows positive dynamics. The final part of the article is dedicated to the problems related to medical care for students at Lomonosov MSU that are common for universities.
The concept of quality in the minds of Soviet and Russian people is inextricably linked with the concept of GOST. Requirements, imposed by the standard to quality of production, does not remain constant, but change in accordance with the level of development of science, technology and best practices. The article considers dynamics of changes of requirements of GOST 10632 "Chipboards. Technical conditions" to the quality of chipboards in the last 40 years. The author analyzes the wording of this standard, approved in 1977, 1989, 2007 and 2014. For specified period of time the labeling of the plates P-A and P-B to P1, P2 has changed, which is related to the harmonization with foreign standards. In the last edition of the GOST 2014 plates have no restrictions on size, so as to replace presses periodic action, which have specific dimensions of the heating plates of the press, presses of continuous extrusion come. The same situation is with the densities of boards, the manufacturer sets its value, but the strength of the plates shall conform to the requirements of the standard. Although, strength characteristics (ultimate strength in tension perpendicular to the plate and the ultimate strength in static bending) are reduced with each new edition of GOST. Tightening of the requirements has occurred to the sanitary and hygienic indicators of chipboards. The content of free formaldehyde has decreased from 10 to 4 mg per 100 g of absolutely dry plate. To obtain competitive boards of E0 emission class Russian chemical industry needs to develop a large amount of resins with low content of free formaldehyde.
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Currently, the Federal program "Health of Students" doesn’t exist. In this regard, the real work moved on to the University level. The authors offer their vision of the structure of this program. It should include medical and hygiene factors, socio-legal and psychological aspects of training and organizational activities, scientific and methodological research, consumer aspects, prevention measures. The essence of each direction is discussed in detail. The authors emphasize that for the effective work of this program requires the involvement of relevant units of the University; appropriate integration and coordination. This work may be financed with a specialized two-month scholarship fund and sponsorship funds. To optimize the educational process, the authors propose to revive the national program "Health of students” and their complex nature.
Purpose: To prove the safety of the salvage cystectomy after organ preserving treatment in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer. Material and methods: In the research retrospective data of 130 patients with muscle invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder were selected. In the main group 66 patients undergoing of the salvage cystectomy after radiotherapy were included, in the control group – 64 patients who underwent of radical cystectomy without prior treatment. The main and control groups were matched by age, gender, category with cN (p > 0.05 for all). In the main group tumors which were beyond the bladder wall, hydronephrosis were more frequently diagnosed; during the salvage operations pelvic lymph node dissection rarely performed (p = 0.03) and orthotopic bladder substitution was made (p = 0.027). Results: The median of duration of the salvage cystectomy was 310 min, which was not significantly different from 300 minutes in the control group (p = 0.711). The median of amount of bleeding of the patients undergoing surgery after irradiation, was not significantly lower than that the patients who had cystectomy which performed without prior radiation therapy (1329 and 1802 ml respectively, p = 0.118). The frequency of intraoperative complications of saving cystectomy was 10.6 %, which did not differ from 7.8 % in the control group (p = 0.300). Only one kind of complication of cystectomy after radiation therapy was difficult to control the bleeding in 6 cases (9.1 %). The frequency of postoperative complications – 42.7 % in the main and control group 42.2 % (p = 0.530). The perioperative mortality was equal to 6.1 %. The operating time, blood loss, frequency, structure and severity of complications i did not differ significantly n the main and control groups (p > 0.05 for all). Conclusion: The salvage cystectomy is indicated to a sick muscle-invasive bladder cancer with an incomplete effect, relapse or intolerable toxicity, organ-preserving treatment, including radiation therapy. Desmoplastic reactions of the irradiated tissue cause the technical complexity of the interference and worsen the conditions for reparation. The most common intraoperative complication of salvage cystectomy is bleeding, in the structure of postoperative complications infections, intestinal obstruction and complications of the urinary anastomoses dominate. The accumulation of surgical experience make the frequency and severity complications of the salvage radical cystectomy comparable, offsetting an increase of operational risk in previously irradiated patients.
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