Аnalysis of the world literature shows that sexual dysfunction is a common problem in patients with chronic renal failure and after kidney transplantation in both men and women, which requires proper attention of specialists. The etiology of sexual dysfunction remains multifactorial and is associated with the level of azotemia, comorbidities, age, anemia, hormonal disorders, autonomic neuropathy, vascular diseases, hyperparathyroidism, hyperprolactinemia, drug side effects, and psychosocial factors. Sexual dysfunctions have a serious impact on the quality of social and family life of patients. On the one hand, in most cases, there is an increase in life expectancy and an improvement in the quality of life of patients after kidney transplantation. Due to the normalization of hormonal disorders, it improves sexual health (libido), overall health and fertility. On the other hand, after kidney transplantation, the prevalence of sexual dysfunction still remains at 46 % in both men and women. After kidney transplantation, erectile function in many patients improves and some recover. However, not all authors note an improvement in sexual dysfunction after kidney transplantation and leave the problem open. Conservative therapy with oral forms of drugs is most advantageous compared to cavernous injections or surgical treatment, if it does not affect the function of the graft. Sexual disorders after kidney transplantation remain a multifactorial disorder, and methods of their correction, especially in young patients, remain an urgent problem and require further study.
Analysis of the world literature shows that sexual dysfunction is a common problem in patients with chronic kidney disease, both men and women, and this problem for known reasons has not received proper recognition and attention among health professionals and organizers. The prevalence of erectile dysfunction among men with chronic kidney failure ranges from 70 to 86 %. Sexual disorders are associated with uremic effects, comorbidities, anemia, hormonal disorders, autonomic neuropathy, vascular disorders, hyperparathyroidism, hyperprolactinemia, drug side effects, and psychosocial factors. Erectile dysfunction has a serious impact on the quality of life and this strongly affects the social and family life of affected patients. Sexual dysfunction is more common in men and women with chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. Patients on hemodialysis have better sexual function than those without it. Sexual dysfunction has a negative impact on the quality of life of patients with chronic kidney disease and therefore they need high-quality therapy, taking into account the stage, desire and ability of patients.
Objective: To determine the most frequent causative agents of nosocomial infection in patients with urolithiasis in the postoperative period. Material and Methods. The study is based on the results of comprehensive studies conducted in 122 patients with nosocomial urinary tract infection, detected in 823 patients with urolithiasis treated by various methods. A cohort of 823 patients is isolated from 2688 patients treated without at admission signs of infections in the urinary tract for the period 2011-2014. All patients were treated at Резюме: Цель исследования. Определить наиболее частых возбудителей внутрибольничной инфекции у больных с мочекаменной болезнью в послеоперационном периоде. Материал и методы. В основу работы положены результаты комплексных исследований, проведенных у 122 больных с внутрибольничной инфекцией мочевыводящих путей, выявленных у 823 пациентов с мочекаменной болезнью, пролеченных различными методами. Когорта из 823 больных выделена из 2688 пролеченных больных, не имеющих в момент поступления в стационар признаков инфекционно-воспалительных процессов в мочевыводящих путях за период 2011-2014 гг. Все больные получали терапию на базе кафедры урологии Таджикского государственного медицинского университета имени Абуали ибни Сино в Республиканском клиническом центре урологии. Основные результаты. Методом случайной выборки медицинской документации 823 больных мочекаменной болезнью с проведенными различными операциями выявлено 122 больных случаев внутрибольничной инфекций. Диагноз внутрибольничные инфекции устанавливали на основании клинически выраженной инфекции мочевыводящих путей, бессимптомной бактериурии или наличия раневой инфекции, использования во время пребывания больных в стационаре для лечения антибиотиков, антисептиков, физиотерапевтических и других методов терапии. Частоту возникновения внутрибольничной инфекций изучали в зависимости от тяжести основного заболевания, объема проведенных хирургических, инвазионных, эндоскопических и других урологических вмешательств, сроков и частоты их проведения, удельного веса отдельных клинических проявлений в общей структуре инфекций мочевыводящих путей, пола и возраста больных. Выводы. Ведущей микрофлорой, вызывающей внутрибольничную инфекцию среди больных с мочекаменной болезнью при всех методах лечения являются грамотрицательные микроорганизмы, среди которых превалируют E.coli (24,0%).
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