The methodology of the subject types of forensic examinations with the application of psychological knowledge is analyzed. The history of the formation of subject types of forensic psychological examination and a comprehensive forensic psychological and psychiatric examination is considered. Shows their transformation and expansion under the influence of changes of domestic legislation. Based on the definition of the research subject of a legal expert- psychologist, concluded that the first step of building the subject of a separate judicial review should be the analysis of its legal significance. Discussed options for legal consequences and the role of expert opinion in in making judicial decisions. The second step is expertelligence analysis. It is the allocation of the psychological characteristics of legal rules (legal criteria). The third stage of psychological analysis consists in the correlation of concepts with expert knowledge in scientific psychology. The need of adaptation and transformation of scientific psychological knowledge (as basic science) in forensic psychological expertise (special knowledge of the expert) are shown. Discusses ways of formation of special knowledge of the expert-psychologist and the limits of its competence.
This information letter was produced in response to a growing number of inquiries from investigators, and increased instances of forensic psychologists being appointed to evaluate witness credibility based on videos of interrogations. The letter addresses the need to streamline forensic casework related to the analysis of video recordings of specific investigative actions involving different agents of the criminal process. The letter considers possibilities for commissioning these forensic procedures and the rationale for conducting such examinations, in compliance with the scientific principles of professional forensic work.
The article substantiates approach to the study of crime of aggression, taking into account the analysis of the behavior principles of interaction of personal and situational factors; interaction of aggressive and antiaggressive personal factors. Three-dimensional typology of crime of aggression formed three axles: high – low aggressiveness; formation – aborted personal aggression inhibitors; neutral – a legally significant traumatic situation. This typology has been verified on the basis of empirical material, including 329 people (257 males and 72 women aged 18 to 70 years) charged with violent crimes. All of the defendants (33 % mental health 67 % – with a variety of mental disorders not excluding sanity) were examined in the production of a comprehensive forensic psychological and psychiatric examination. A cluster analysis of the subjects (Ward's method) showed the validity of the choice of three bases of a typology of criminal aggression. The most powerful discriminator of types of aggression were personal inhibitors of aggression, less severe factors of high aggressiveness and characteristics of the situation. Identified correlations between various mental disorders and types of aggression.
We present the results of a study aimed at identifying indicators of sense of justice formation at high school students (grades X and XI) of three Moscow schools (123 respondents of 1996-1999 year of birth: 56 males, 67 females, and two did not indicate their gender). We studied the degree of influence of the educational process in a comprehensive organization on the formation of justice for each of the indicators. Analysis of the data allowed us to formulate a hypothesis about the performance of sense of justice, the formation of which is influenced by the educational process (we describe non-static relationship of legal knowledge and misconduct separately). We show the directions of sense of justice formation, for which the educational process has the greatest influence, and directions, on which whose formation it has a minimal impact. This work, in addition to research, also has important practical perspective - it determines the actual direction of the educational organizations to improve the efficiency of the educational process.
Federal law of June 7, 2017 g. № 120-FZ "On amendments to the criminal code of the Russian Federation and article 151 of the Criminal procedure code of the Russian Federation in the part of establishing additional mechanisms to counter activities aimed at encouraging children to suicidal behavior" establishes criminal liability for inducement to commit suicide or assist in its Commission (article 110.1 of the criminal code), as well as for the organization of activities aimed at encouraging citizens to commit suicide (article 110.2 of the criminal code). Two additions to the criminal code include using a publicly performed work, the media or information and telecommunications networks (including network "Internet"). There are new legal consequences relevant to forensic psychological assessment related to suicide. The article analyzes the legal situation (pre-investigation check of materials and incitement to suicide) that define the subject of judicial-psychological or psychological and psychiatric examinations as the mental state of the subject in the period preceding the suicide (death). Legislative innovations require expertise in psychology and linguistics. One of the subjects of psychological-linguistic expertise is the focus of the information material (text, graphic, together verbal and non-verbal information) or the communicative activity of the subject to encourage the addressee to co-concluding suicide. Formulate possible questions for the ex-experts and psychologists.
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