Aim.This study was designed to evaluate the immediate and long-term results of the Protocol of complex rehabilitation of 15 Kubanskij nauchnyj medicinskij vestnik 2018; 25 (5) children with bilateral through-cleft lip and palate (BTCLP) developed by the Department of pediatric dentistry, orthodontics and maxillofacial surgery of KSMU.Materials and methods. There was conducted the evaluation of the immediate and long-term results of the complex treatment of 25 patients with BTCLP aged 0 to 18 years according to the Protocol developed by the Department of pediatric dentistry, orthodontics and maxillofacial surgery of KSMU.Results. There was carried out a detailed analysis of the results of the application of the function-forming plate (FFP) in patients with BTCLP aged 0 to 1 year. The results of the models measurement in dynamics showed a significant growth and development of the upper jaw, the approximation of the shape and size of the upper alveolar arc to the norm, reducing the distance between its fragments to the minimum. There was established that long-term gradual orthodontic treatment provides conditions for physiological growth and development of the facial skeleton and for the formation of physiological occlusion in children with BTCLP. The usage of gentle methods of uranoplasty reduces the risk of dentoalveolar anomalies in children with BTCLP. The complex of therapeutic measures and terms of surgical intervention should be planned individually. The elimination of the defects of the alveolar process of the upper jaw by the method of autoosteoplasty is a necessary step in the complex rehabilitation of children with BTCLP during the periods of changing and forming permanent dentition. The planning of the stage of prosthetics of patients with BTCLP is individual and involves the creation of conditions for fullfledged functions of chewing, swallowing and speech, and it is recommended to carry it out with the help of modern aesthetic constructions that ensure the preservation of the results of the complex, including orthodontic, treatment.Conclusion.The analysis of the photographs of the face, TRG, CT and jaws diagnostic models obtained during the treatment of children and adolescents with congenital cleft lip and palate confirms the high morphofunctional and aesthetic result of the application of the developed at the Department of pediatric dentistry, orthodontics and maxillofacial surgery of KSMU Protocol of comprehensive rehabilitation of children with BTCLP.
Relevance. According to the latest data the distal occlusion of the dentition is considered first in the structure of dental anomalies on the sagittal plane reaching 40-45% of the total number of deformations of the dental system.Purpose. Study of information about management and methods of treatment and intended indications for their use in patients with distal occlusion in different periods of bite formation.Materials and methods. We studied the publications of recent years by both Russian and foreign authors which were devoted to the choice of management and methods of treatment of growing patients with distal occlusion.Results. The variability in the manifestations of distal occlusion indicates the urgency of improving the management and methods of orthodontic treatment in patients with this pathology. In this case the determining factors are the severity of the pathology and the age of the patient. It is considered that the potential growth of the dento-maxillofacial area of the patient should be determined according to its individual characteristics. They are based on the stage of formation of the cervical vertebrae. It is noted that treatment during the second dentition has significant effects which are associated with the possibility of modifying the growth of the dental complex. This allows you to achieve a stable result in the long term.Conclusions. Different opinions of specialists determine the relevance of further study of methods of orthodontic treatment and analysis of the efficiency of their application, the necessity to improve the tactics of comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with distal occlusion during the formation of the bite taking into account the direction of the type of growth of the facial skeleton in growing patients.
Aim. To study the anatomical and functional varieties of labial frenum and their prevalence in children aged 6–11 years in the territories of the Krasnodar Krai.Materials and methods. We have studied the prevalence of varieties of labial frenum anomalies in 120 children at the initial and fi nal periods of mixed dentition. A preventive examination of 60 children (1st observation group) and 60 children receiving orthodontic treatment (2nd observation group) at the children’s dental department of the Dental Clinic of the Kuban State Medical University was carried out. The criteria for inclusion in the observation groups were somatically healthy children, living in the city of Krasnodar, and the cities and areas of the Krasnodar Krai. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica 6.0 (StatSoft Inc., USA) software. Qualitative data were described using absolute values and percentages. To identify differences in the sign occurrence frequency between the groups under consideration, Fisher’s exact test was used due to the fact that the expected number of observations in the cells of the four-fi eld table was less than fi ve. The obtained value of the exact Fisher’s test p < 0.05 testifi ed to the absence of statistically signifi cant differences.Results. The prevalence of labial frenum anomalies reached 15% according to routine examination (1st observation group) and 20% — in children with dentoalveolar anomalies who applied for orthodontic treatment (2 observation group). No statistically signifi cant differences were observed between the groups of girls and boys by the prevalence of varieties of labial frenum anomalies (p > 0.05). In the 2nd observation group, labial frenum anomalies were detected 2 or more times more often (p < 0.05) in children living in cities (44.44%) and in the regions of the Krasnodar Krai, than in children living in the city of Krasnodar (21.43%).Conclusions. Anatomical and functional classifi cation refl ects the main varieties of the labial frenum and allows the indications for surgical intervention to be clarifi ed. An alteration trend of the attachment location of labial frenum to the gingiva was found due to the physiological increase in the dentoalveolar height in the jaw anterior parts during the eruption period of permanent teeth and the formation of their roots. In this regard, it is advisable to plan surgical intervention in the period of late mixed dentition taking into account the anatomical and functional variety of the labial frenum.
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