This study reveals the basic principles of creating an effective renewed educational space in the context of education reform in Ukraine and the creation of the New Ukrainian School. Modern educational environment means multifunctional flexible spaces that promote various forms of work, motivate to learn. An important factor in the renewal of the school is the creation of a modern educational space that will motivate the child to learn something new, stimulate different activities, and evoke positive emotions. Civic competence is one of the key skills enshrined in the Education Law in Ukraine. Along with the social, they are linked to the ideas of democracy, justice, equality, human rights, prosperity and healthy lifestyles, with an awareness of equal rights and opportunities. They include cooperation with others to achieve a common goal, activity in class and school life, respect for the rights of others, the ability to resolve conflict situations. One of the tools used by teachers to develop these competencies in primary school is the creation of “Class Rules” – the first “law” in the lives of first-graders. Creating a motivational educational space contributes to the principles of reforming primary and general secondary education and global trends: personality-oriented education, child-centeredness, competence and activity approaches.
The role of preventive education in averting negative behaviours in preschoolers has been considered in the article. It has been justified that preventive work with the children prone to negative behaviours will enhance harmonious development of preschoolers’ personalities, provided that effective forms, methods and techniques have been implemented into preventive education of children with negative behaviours during interpersonal communication (preschool teachers – child – family). It has been proved that the realization of the proposed model of interpersonal communication within preventive work with children prone to negative behaviours in preschools provides positive results, indicating the importance of cooperation among all subjects of the education process in these institutions. The need for primary or early preventive work highlights the significance of primary preventive education, since only early socio-pedagogical prevention of children’s negative behaviours is an effective means of coping with destructive phenomena in the children’s environment. The main factors for children’s negative behaviours and the most essential indications of the need to implement senior preschoolers’ preventive education have been identified. Methodical guidelines on effective preventive education of senior preschoolers prone to negative behaviours have been outlined. The forms, methods and techniques of preventive work that promote constructive behaviours in children have been implemented and verified; the level indicators of development of a sustainable and responsible attitude towards negative behaviours in preschoolers during interpersonal communication have been determined.
The article examines the currently relevant problem of future social workers’ training to work with various groups of clients. It highlights the content, forms and methods of theoretical and practical training. The purpose of the article has been substantiated - to highlight the analysis of theoretical and practical training of future social workers, which consists of the shaping of deep knowledge of social work technologies, in ensuring that students of higher education acquire a set of special theoretical knowledge, as well as practical skills for the further work of future social workers. Positive practices in future specialists’ training to work with different groups of clients have been indicated. It was revealed that the problem of preparing future social workers to work with different groups of clients is particularly acute in today's realities because there is an urgent need for specialists in the social sphere in war conditions. It has been emphasized that the spectrum of future social workers’ employment is quite extensive - from the need for volunteer activities to working with different categories of clients (forced migrants, military personnel, singles, elderly people, persons without a fixed place of residence, women, drug and alcohol addicts, etc.)The preparation of future social workers to work with different groups of clients has been considered taking into account the problems of today, the structure of the course "Social work with different groups of clients", its purpose, tasks, the problem of general and professional competences shaping), program learning outcomes (the ability to use methods of social diagnostics) are outlined in the process of assessing problems, needs, specific characteristics and resources of clients; establish and maintain relationships with clients on the basis of mutual trust and in accordance with ethical principles and standards of social work, provide them with psychological support and engaging clients), as well as methodological support.
In the article the issue of giftedness as a key problem in psycho-pedagogical and social studies of scholars and practitioners is analyzed; its legal and regulatory environment is defined. The content of the leading concepts of the problem is explained. The signs of giftedness and its main types are highlighted. The problems of social adaptation of intellectually gifted children are singled out. Psychological and pedagogical aspects and features of social and pedagogical work with gifted children and youth are investigated. The technologies of social work with talented individuals are outlined. Methodical techniques of social and educational activities with gifted children and youth aimed at their protection and support as well as reducing the negative effects of microsocium are presented.
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