Abstract:The complex analysis of the main stages of Ukraine's agricultural sector development for the independence period has been done in the paper. It was established, that institutional changes in the agricultural sector of economy occurred concerning following institutions: private property, state regulation, pricing, social capital, competition. The peculiarities of land and property private ownership forming as agri-reforms basis have been determined. Post-Soviet institutions destruction caused rapid decrease of economic development and rural population welfare at the first stage of transformations. The main tendencies of agrarian sector functioning under market conditions, providing growth of the agricultural production and export potential of Ukraine have been identified. It was proved, that progressive economic changes did not provide similar results in rural areas development. As a result, the necessity of focusing on humancentric model of rural development was grounded.
The articles aims to substantiate the socio-economic, environmental, historical and cultural role played by green tourism and its contribution to the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals based on current innovative trends and capabilities of tourism in the face of challenges posed by the ongoing crisis in global economy caused by the latest pandemic. The objectives of the research were to detail the theoretical, methodological and applied approaches to the development of green tourism, which is a market sector providing travel services. The definition of green tourism has been made more profound through connecting it with the Sustainable Development Goals, which is rather logical. The motivating factors for the development of green tourism have been analyzed taking into account the model of multifunctionality in agriculture and its importance in rural development policy. The nature of changes in the green tourism sector has been identified with respect to the peculiarities of the current global situation, when a pandemic is restraining the world tourism intensity, on the one hand, and is stimulating local tourism, on the other. It is worth adding that local tourism is mostly green and focused on the conservation of the environmental and natural resources, as well as sustainment of mostly rural areas. The research carried out shows that green tourism can become a driving force for economic growth in rural areas, a motivator for employment, a factor in preserving rural culture and traditions in a particular area. At the same time, the results of the research prove the existence of a link between green tourism and national economic, environmental, socio-cultural, intellectual, energy security due to the most typical development priorities of such tourism. On analyzing the experience of the countries that suffered the pandemic most, we have found some prospects for green tourism development. It is a new system of partnership between the state, business and civil society which can become an additional incentive to preserve the potential of green tourism. Thus, strategic guidelines for green tourism development based on institutional priorities, with the current economic crisis challenges in mind, have been designed.
The article purpose aims at studying the results of and prospects for further implementing the European participatory model of local security management of territorial communities amidst the local government reform in Ukraine. The research results show that it is worth implementing the European participatory model of governing united territorial communities as a means of forming their local security, activating and accumulating their adaptability. The author of the article understands the local security of territorial communities term as a state guaranteeing protection to the population’s vital interests, resistance to internal and external threats, ability to operate sustainably and progressively. Under the conditions of decentralization, the key factor for its formation is the community’s endogenous potential, which proves the feasibility of using the participatory approach as a tool for activating and accumulating adaptability. Some participatory management tools are already being used successfully at the local level and have confirmed their effectiveness. The analysis of the unite territorial communities (UTCs) in the Zhytomyr region made by the amount of income of the joint purse per 1 inhabitant in 2019 allowed to single out 3 groups of UTCs according to their income. Arguments have been suggested that further active application of the European participation experience (online questionnaires and discussions of initiatives, implementation of comprehensive programs to cover the activities of communities, etc.) will help increase the local security of communities. The scientific results received serve as the methodological basis for substantiating the proposals to increase the UTCs’ local security by intensifying the implementation of the European experience in participatory management.
Метою статті є удосконалення та формування теоретико-методологічних підходів до розвитку «зеленої економіки» в епоху глобальних змін. Проведено ґрунтовний аналіз сучасних трактувань дефініції «зелена економіка». Обґрунтовано, що діалектика концепції «зеленої економіки» виходить з ідей багатьох напрямів філософії, економічної та математичної теорії. Встановлено, що методологія та підбір методичного інструментарію для моніторингу та оцінки результативності реалізації концепції «зеленої економіки» базуються на взаємозв’язку між процесами пізнання розвитку «зеленої економіки» та економічними розрахунками, серед яких системи оцінок та міжнародні рейтинги. Доведено, що існуючі загрози та глобальні виклики потребують трансформації економічних моделей розвитку національних економік, в основу яких мають бути покладені природні ресурси та захист довкілля. Зазначено, що головною ідеєю трансформації національної економіки у повоєнний період є «кліматична модернізація» та реалізація принципів відновлення, зокрема стрімкий розвиток енергетичної галузі та логістики на принципах «зеленої економіки».
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