Electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves in the magnetosphere are known to be generated by the cyclotron instability of anisotropic distributions of energetic (1-100 keV) protons (e.g., Kennel & Petschek, 1966;Sagdeev & Shafranov, 1961) constituting the ring current and plasma sheet populations. The growth rate of the instability is determined by the magnetic field strength, hot proton flux, energy, temperature anisotropy,
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