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Generation of terahertz radiation in the magnetized plasma column due to the two-stream instability developing in the relativistic electron beam (REB) with a current of 10 kA is studied at the GOL-PET facility. In the first series of the experiments, at the regular transverse plasma density gradients, power of the generated terahertz radiation increased thirty times. At a frequency of the upper-hybrid oscillations (0.2–0.3 THz) and pulse duration of few microseconds, it reached 4 MWs. In the next experiments, when the additional longitudinal density gradients were created in plasma, the radiation power exceeded 10 MWs. These results are described in this paper.

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Ïðè ñàõàðíîì äèàáåòå 2 òèïà, îñëîaeíåííîì ñòåàòîãåïàòèòîì, íàáëþäàëîñü ïàäåíèå àêòèâíîñòè àêîíèòàòãèäðàòàçû, óâåëè÷åíèå ñîäåðaeàíèÿ äèåíîâûõ êîíúþãàòîâ, óìåíü-øåíèå êîíöåíòðàöèè a-òîêîôåðîëà è èçìåíåíèå óðîâíÿ öèòðàòà â ñûâîðîòêå êðîâè áîëüíûõ, ÷òî ñâèäåòåëüñòâóåò î ðàçâèòèè îêèñëèòåëüíîãî ñòðåññà â ðåçóëüòàòå âîçðàñ-òàíèÿ èíòåíñèâíîñòè ñâîáîäíîðàäèêàëüíîãî îêèñëåíèÿ áèîñóáñòðàòîâ è ñíèaeåíèè ñòåïåíè àíòèîêñèäàíòíîé çàùèòû îðãàíèçìà. Êîìáèíèðîâàííàÿ òåðàïèÿ ñ ìåëàêñåíîì ïðèâîäèëà ê áîëåå çíà÷èòåëüíîìó, â ñðåäíåì íà 36 % (ð £ 0,05), ïî ñðàâíåíèþ ñ áàçèñ-íûì ëå÷åíèåì, èçìåíåíèþ èññëåäóåìûõ ïîêàçàòåëåé â íàïðàâëåíèè íîðìû, ÷òî, ïî-âèäèìîìó, ñâÿçàíî ñ ðåàëèçàöèåé àíòèîêñèäàíòíîãî ýôôåêòà ìåëàòîíèíà.Êëþ÷åâûå ñëîâà: ñàõàðíûé äèàáåò 2 òèïà; íåàëêîãîëüíûé ñòåàòîãåïàòèò; ìåëàêñåí; äèåíîâûå êîíúþãàòû; àêîíèòàòãèäðàòàçà; öèòðàò; a-òîêîôåðîë. ÂÂÅÄÅÍÈÅÏî ñâîåé õèìè÷åñêîé ñòðóêòóðå ìåëàòîíèí (N-àöå-òèë-5-ìåòîêñèòðèïòàìèí) ïðåäñòàâëÿåò ñîáîé ïðîèç-âîäíîå ñåðîòîíèíà -áèîãåííîãî àìèíà, êîòîðûé, â ñâîþ î÷åðåäü, ñèíòåçèðóåòñÿ èç àìèíîêèñëîòû òðèï-òîôàíà. Ìåëàòîíèí ó÷àñòâóåò â ôîðìèðîâàíèè ñóòî÷-íûõ áèîðèòìîâ, òîðìîaeåíèè íåêîòîðûõ ôóíêöèé ãè-ïîôèçà, ðåãóëÿöèè èììóííûõ ðåàêöèé [6]. Äàííûé ãîðìîí ñïîñîáåí òàêaeå äåçàêòèâèðîâàòü àêòèâíûå ôîðìû êèñëîðîäà (ÀÔÊ). Ðàíåå íàìè áûëè ïîëó÷åíû äàííûå î òîì, ÷òî ïðè ââåäåíèè ýêçîãåííîãî ìåëàòîíè-íà ïðîèñõîäèò òîðìîaeåíèå ñâîáîäíîðàäèêàëüíîãî îêèñëåíèÿ (ÑÎ) ó êðûñ ñ òîêñè÷åñêèì ãåïàòèòîì [12], ñàõàðíûì äèàáåòîì [1], ãèïåðòèðåîçîì [4].Ïðåäïîëàãàþò, ÷òî íåçàâèñèìî îò ýòèîëîãè÷åñêèõ ôàêòîðîâ â îñíîâå ðàçâèòèÿ âîñïàëèòåëüíî-íåêðîòè-÷åñêèõ èçìåíåíèé â ïå÷åíè ëåaeàò óíèâåðñàëüíûå ìå-õàíèçìû. Ïðè ñàõàðíîì äèàáåòå â ïå÷åíè ïîâûøàåòñÿ ñîäåðaeàíèå ãëþêîçî-6-ôîñôàòàçû, â ñâÿçè ñ ÷åì îáëåã-÷àåòñÿ âûäåëåíèå ãëþêîçû â êðîâü [7]. Èçáûòî÷íîå ïî-ñòóïëåíèå ñâîáîäíûõ aeèðíûõ êèñëîò â ïå÷åíü, îáðà-çîâàíèå èç íèõ òðèãëèöåðèäîâ, ñíèaeåíèå ñêîðîñòè b-îêèñëåíèÿ ñâîáîäíûõ aeèðíûõ êèñëîò, à òàêaeå ñåê-ðåöèÿ ëèïèäîâ â êðîâîòîê ñïîñîáñòâóþò ôîðìèðîâà-íèþ aeèðîâîé äèñòðîôèè ãåïàòîöèòîâ. Ïðè íåàëêî-ãîëüíîì ñòåàòîãåïàòèòå (ÍÀÑÃ) íàáëþäàåòñÿ ïîâû-øåííàÿ àêòèâíîñòü öèòîõðîìà Ð450 2Å1 â ïå÷åíè, ÷òî ÷àñòî ñîïðîâîaeäàåòñÿ îáðàçîâàíèåì àêòèâíûõ ìåòàáî-ëèòîâ, âêëþ÷àÿ ÀÔÊ. Ïðè ýòîì ïðîäóêòû ïåðåêèñíîãî îêèñëåíèÿ ëèïèäîâ (ÏÎË) âûçûâàþò íàáóõàíèå ìèòî-õîíäðèé, ëîìêîñòü ìåìáðàí ëèçîñîì, íàðóøåíèå öåëî-ñòíîñòè êëåòî÷íûõ ìåìáðàí [17].Ê âàaeíåéøèì íåôåðìåíòàòèâíûì àíòèîêñèäàíòàì îòíîñèòñÿ âèòàìèí Å, êîòîðûé çàùèùàåò âíóòðåííèå ìèòîõîíäðèàëüíûå ìåìáðàíû, à òàêaeå ëèçîìû îò ïî-âðåaeäàþùåãî äåéñòâèÿ ïåðåêèñåé, ïîääåðaeèâàåò ôóíêöèîíàëüíóþ öåëîñòíîñòü âíåøíåé öèòîïëàçìàòè-÷åñêîé ìåìáðàíû êëåòîê [15]. a-Òîêîôåðîë ýôôåêòèâ-íî ïðåðûâàåò öåïíûå ñâîáîäíîðàäèêàëüíûå ðåàêöèè â ïðîöåññå ïåðåîêèñëåíèÿ íåíàñûùåííûõ aeèðíûõ êè-ñëîò â ìåìáðàíàõ, ïðåäóïðåaeäàåò àòåðîãåííûå èçìå-íåíèÿ ëèïîïðîòåèíîâ íèçêîé ïëîòíîñòè. Ñóùåñòâóåò ïðÿìàÿ ñâÿçü ìåaeäó óðîâíåì âèòàìèíà Å è èíòåíñèâ-íîñòüþ òêàíåâîãî äûõàíèÿ è îáðàòíàÿ ñâÿçü ñî ñòåïå-íüþ îêèñëåíèÿ ëèïèäîâ [15].Âàaeíåéøåå ìåñòî â íåôåðìåíòàòèâíîì çâåíå àíòè-îêñèäàíòíîé ñèñòåìû (ÀÎÑ) çàíèìàåò öèòðàò, êîòî-ðûé îòíîñè...

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