The study reveals a feature of professional identity, which influences the quality of labor capital, which in turn affects the efficient and competitive func-tioning of the economy. It is a subjective state of the individual’s sense of his/her professionalism, be-longing to the professional community and the need to develop in this direction. The acquisition of the necessary qualifications and professional skills be-gins in the process of education; therefore, profes-sional identity begins to form at the university. The results of a sociological study of professional identi-ty state of university students in Ufa demonstrate an unsatisfactory level of its development: the majority of students give an average assessment of the ac-quired knowledge, skills and abilities. They note their inadequacy for practical application; more than half of students regret choosing a specialty and/or university; about a fifth of the students do not plan to work in their specialty at all, slightly more than half of the respondents do not exclude such a pos-sibility. Based on the analysis of the data presented, it was concluded that it is necessary to introduce a high-quality practice-oriented approach, innovative teaching methods, as well as special work with stu-dents into the educational process.
The presented work analyzes the features, problems and factors of labor capital development of the Republic of Bashkortostan based on the data of a sociological study conducted by the Institute for Socio-Economic Research of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2021. A number of problems faced by the able-bodied population are considered, including: a relatively low standard of living of the population, which hinders the provision of the quality of life and professional productivity of workers; gender inequality in the distribution of labor incomes of the population; the predominance of negative assessments of the able-bodied population of their physical condition, the quality of their leisure and vacations; discrepancy between the high qualification of employees and the functions performed, which does not allow them to fully realize their labor potential in the workplace. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of values that prevail in the minds of the able-bodied population and determine their labor behavior, and as a result, have a negative impact on the formation of labor capital. Thus, it was revealed that the value orientations of the population of the Republic of Bashkortostan are typical for countries of “catching up” development. In this regard, the authors substantiate the necessity of cultivating the values of rationality of financial thinking, equality, self-expression and autonomy, as well as improving institutions that support these values in society. These values act as factors in the formation of high-quality labor capital in the conditions of modern Russia
The article examines the attitudes towards education and professional career development of young people through the prism of the gender factor. The relevance of the study is due to the ongoing transformation of the economic system, the unpleasant consequence of which is the discrepancy between supply and demand in the labor market and the resulting employment problems. Also, researchers are increasingly highlighting the problems of female employment associated with various socio-economic factors (lower wages, informal employment, inaccessibility of certain professions, difficulties in combining motherhood and employment, single-parent families, etc.), as a result of which women are more often included in the working group. poverty. Today, with all the changes taking place in social systems, one of the most significant social lifts is the institution of higher education. So, material wealth often depends on the education received and subsequent professional implementation. The research interest lies in the analysis of the attitudes of modern youth in relation to the institution of education and professional career as an opportunity to improve the quality of life. Do these attitudes differ among young girls and boys, how do they assess their capabilities? The data of a sociological study conducted by the author in 2020 on the topic of professional identity of university students in Ufa are presented. The results of which showed that modern young people are not inclined to link the level of education received and the amount of income. The concept of success in life is somewhat different for men and women, if, first of all, girls want to have a favorite job and family, then for men the desire to be free and independent turned out to be paramount. Also, male respondents more often count on career advancement and professional growth. The research data to some extent reflect the gender attitudes of the generation of parents among today's Russian youth. In order to overcome the manifestations of gender statistical discrimination in the labor sphere, increase the economic resilience of women and reduce the risk of falling into the poverty zone, it is necessary to develop and implement social programs oriented towards this.
Currently, many world universities are trying to intensify and complicate the learning process, to enrich the educational environment. This is achieved by various methods: electronic textbooks and lecture courses from electronic libraries are used; teachers and students are connected in social networks and on specialized educational platforms (Moodle and others); tasks are performed on the basis of publications from the Internet. These activities allow to form skills at a higher level, both for educational and professional tasks: critical assessment of the content of information; the ability to isolate the main; to form a structure in information flows; apply data in accordance with the tasks to be solved; other (Korableva E.V., Muzychenko M.Ya., 2018, p. 27). The article discusses the results of an experiment to check the level of formation of some informational and related competencies among students. The second-year students were tested for the following skills: to determine the purpose of the educational task; offer the best source for its implementation; develop an algorithm for completing this task; to do practically work according to the model. The research was carried out in line with a new direction in pedagogical science -the concept of «Pedagogical Competenceology» (Grigoriev A.V., 2019).
Объектом исследования является развитие социальной активности молодежи в сети Интернет. Предмет исследования составляет профессиональная деятельность молодых людей, реализуемая в виртуальном пространстве. В представленной работе автор анализирует основные подходы к пониманию феномена социальной активности с учетом влияния современных коммуникативно-информационных технологий. В статье рассматриваются виды социальной активности и формы их реализации в сети Интернет. Исследовательский интерес фокусируется на тенденции профессиональной реализации молодежи с помощью Интернета и социальных сетей. В основу анализа легло исследование социальной активности молодежи Республики Башкортостан, проведенное ИСЭИ УФИЦ РАН в 2021 г. Исследование подтверждает тенденцию развития профессиональной активности молодежи через ресурсы Интернета: 14,5% молодых людей зарабатывают в Интернете, 41,7% рассматривают такую возможность и более трети респондентов желают пройти обучение по новым интернет-профессиям. Самыми востребованными оказались: SMM-менеджмент, программирование, создание сайтов и web-дизайн. Особый интерес к работе с возможностью удаленного присутствия проявляют женщины, при этом их внимание привлекает так же, как и мужчин, сфера IT. Трудовая деятельность молодежи в виртуальном пространстве -развивающееся явление, которое представляет интерес с научной точки зрения, так как преобразует привычные социальные практики людей, отражаясь также на других сферах общественной жизни.
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