This pilot study demonstrated a statistical difference between the GDV parameters of patients with colon tumors and the control group. These findings warrant a more in-depth study of the potential for GDV technique in screening programs.
Background:Colonic neoplasms are quite a serious problem today. Screening methods play an important role in diagnosing the disease. Colorectal cancer screening is a complex undertaking, having various options, which require a lot of efforts both from the doctor and from the patient, including the use of sedatives and the necessity of the presence of an assistant for some procedures such as colonoscopy. This is why it is very important to find a method by which one can make a diagnosis quickly, easily, and painlessly.Methods:The ability to identify patients with tumors of the colon using the Electrophotonic Imaging (EPI) technique, as well as using it for differential diagnosis of tumors of the colon by their morphology, size and quantity was investigated. Selection of the most significant parameters of the EPI-graphy for the separation of the control group and the group of patients with tumors of the colon was developed. 137 people were studied with the EPI camera, with ages ranging from 16 to 86 years, including 49 males and 88 females. Based on the results of the colonoscopy and histological findings all subjects were divided into 2 groups: control group of 55 people, 9 males, 46 females; and patients with tumors (benign or malignant) of the colon - 82 people; 40 males and 42 females. Then all subjects were divided into smaller groups based on morphology, size, number of tumors and localization.Results:Based on the identified indicators decision rules to determine the patients with tumors of the colon were constructed. The specificity of the resulting function was 80.0% and sensitivity 75.6%. Decision rule was built as well with logistic regression. The specificity of the resulting function was 78.2% and sensitivity 90.0%. The accuracy of this approach was higher than using discriminant analysis.Conclusions:The results of this study have proven the ability to identify patients with tumors of the colon using EPI technology, as well as use it for differential diagnosis of tumors of the colon by their morphology, size and quantity. EPI testing is non-invasive, takes less than five minutes, and equipment is relatively cheap and accessible in mass production. This opens up good prospects for further research for implementation as a first step of the screening process. This paper presents the pilot study developing methodological approach to the GDV data processing. That is why we tried different methods of data processing. At the same time we do not pretend to develop a diagnostic method – sample size is too small for this, and other cancer types were not studied. Further research is needed.
Intensive care departments are now commonly equipped with one or several monitoring systems. Modern automatic systems for continuous monitoring of vital parameters of the human body include electrocardiography, rheography, invasive and noninvasive arterial pressure measurements, oximetry (blood saturation with oxygen), and capnography. They also measure minute cardiac volume (by the method of dilution of indicator or thermodilution), store the results of measurements in memory for one day, and calculate dynamic trends of basic parameters.Broad use of computer monitors provides more individual attention in intensive care. However, introduction of new technology raises a number of complex problems. These include the convolution of temporal series to a few representative samples per day for long-term storage, development of new forms of data presentation, interpretation of paramedical examination results, and prognosis of a patient's state on the basis of objective instrumental measurements. A system for monitoring a patient's state in intensive gastroenterological care department developed in our laboratory and described in this work is a first step in a solution of these problems. GF_.NER.AL DESCRIFI'ION OF SYSTEMThe system is designed to provide long-term monitoring of seriously ill patients with acute abdominal pathology in the department of intensive care and resuscitation. This system allows entry and long-term storage in a database of the patient's questionnaire, anthropometric and clinical information, and results of laboratory and instrumental examinations.The system provides the user with both primary information on the patient and current results of monitoring of the patient's homeostasis. It allows monitoring of circulation, respiration, and acid-base equilibrium. The monitoring is based on original algorithms of mathematical statistics and expert evaluation. A diagnostic conclusion is displayed on the monitor screen or printed in text or graphic forms. The opportunity to represent the quantitative information as linear trends or polar diagrams makes visual monitoring easier.Dynamic evaluation of a patient's severity based on prognosis of favorable or unfavorable outcome allows individual correction of the patient's state. The system facilitates the physician's work and provides for entry, correction, and storage of textual information on the patient. The system has a friendly interface and a hierarchial menu. The software was written in the Microsoft C+ + language.The work of the system starts with the main menu. The first option of the menu is Admission. This option allows the information of the system to be entered and adjusted as needed. resuscitation; date of discharge from the hospital (death); clinical and intraoperative diagnosis; information of concomitant diseases; type, date, and time of surgical operation; method of anesthesia; information on postoperative complications, and outcome of the disease are also entered. 2-2. Resuscitation SubroutineThe resuscitation subroutine is a central elemen...
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