Use of a variety of electrotechnics is a technologically-efficient and environmentally-friendly technique that increases the productivity of cultivated plants. Stimulation of green plants and vegetable crops in electric field with the intensity of 5-50 kV/m made it clear that the maximum efficiency is observed in the growth period – an increase of up to 30%, compared to the control. Plants have been subjected to stimulation for 3 hours twice a day (in the morning and in the evening). Analysis of studies on the pre-seeding seed stimulation showed that the exposure to pulsed magnetic field improves the dynamics of germination and plant growth at the early stages of development by an average of 10-20%, and more uniform germination helps to ensure high yields.
A zone of artificial moistening of soil-earth cover, called the drip moisture contour, is formed in the soil space during drip irrigation and in after-irrigation period. The moisture contour geometric and moisture parameters affect the growth, development and functioning of roots and thus on plants’ life activity and productivity. By now the number of studies of moisture contours parameters and suggestions for predicting their sizes are known. At the same time, there is no standard methodology for calculating the geometric and moisture parameters of moisture contours formed in loamy black earth. The given circumstances predetermined the need and relevance of the goal of the present study – the development of a method for determining the geometric dimensions and moisture parameters of drip irrigation moisture contours of loamy black earth. The object of the study was the soil moisture contours which are formed in the subsoil space during drip irrigation. The subject of the research is the system of experimental dependencies and the method of graphanalytic calculation and design of drip moisture contours of loamy chernozem developed on their basis. The basis of the proposed method for predicting the geometric and moisture parameters of drip contours is the experimental data on chernozem soils made for the most real range of soil and technological conditions of drip irrigation and their analytical processing. The proposed methodology has been tested on research materials of experts in the field of drip irrigation of agricultural land and allows us to predict the shape, size and humidity indicators of moisture contours formed in the soil-earth cover under drip irrigation with acceptable accuracy for practical use.
The object of the research in the chapter is green vegetable crops grown in a manmade environment. The purpose of the presented research is to study the process of growing plants in a man-made environment, the main influencing factor of which is the man-made sources (LEDs) emission, as well as to design and construct the installation (irradiation chamber) for implementation of the studied technology. The chapter presents the results of experiments conducted by a team of researchers, which allowed to determine the technological process indicators of growing green vegetable crops in a man-made environment, and also to develop designs for small-sized irradiation chambers with automatic control, both for laboratory research and for small business and private use. Studies were conducted in different regions of the country and combined the efforts of several scientific groups of researchers. The chapter presents the results of researching these areas conducted by the authors, which are completely original.
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