Цель. Изучить связь коморбидности с острой сердечной недостаточностью (ОСН) при инфаркте миокарда (ИМ). Материал и методы. В анализ вошли 993 больных с ИМ из регистра острого коронарного синдрома РЕКОРД-3. ОСН II-IV класса по Killip регистрировалась у каждого пятого пациента (n=205). Госпитальная летальность составила 6,3%, средний возраст -64,3 (63,5-65,0) года, большинство были мужчинами (66,1%). Все пациенты распределены на 3 группы в зависимости от количества сопутствующих заболеваний (сахарного диабета 2 типа, хронической болезни почек, фибрилляции предсердий, анемии, перенесенного инсульта, артериальной гипертензии, ожирения, периферического атеросклероза, тромбоцитопении). В первую группу вошли пациенты, имеющие не более, чем одно заболевание (n=251), во вторую -с 2 или 3 заболеваниями (n=480), в третью -с 4 и более заболеваниями (n=262). Результаты. Частота выявления ОСН возрастала в группах по мере утяжеления коморбидности: 12,3%, 17,9% и 33,6%, соответственно (р<0,0001). Независимо от первичной стратегии лечения у пациентов первой группы без ОСН частота госпитальной летальности не превышала 1%. У пациентов 3 группы коморбидности с ОСН II-IV Killip госпитальная летальность оказалась самой высокой и также не зависела от выбора стратегии лечения (24,6% при консервативном лечении, 31,6% после чрескожного коронарного вмешательства (ЧКВ)). ЧКВ позволило достоверно (р<0,05) снизить риск госпитальной летальности у пациентов второй и третьей групп коморбидности без клиники ОСН: relative risk =4,3 (1,0-19,9) и relative risk =4,2 (1,1-18,3), соответственно. При анализе годового этапа выявлено, что ОСН является независимым от тяжести коморбидности предиктором летальности после выписки из стационара: 11,1%, 13,3% и 14,3%, соответственно, по группам коморбидности. При отсутствии ОСН на госпитальном этапе последующая годовая летальность закономерно возрастала от первой к третьей группе коморбидности: 1,1%, 5,8% и 7,0%, соответственно (р=0,043). Заключение. Коморбидность является независимым предиктором развития ОСН при ИМ, а их комбинация ассоциируется с наихудшим госпитальным прогнозом независимо от первичной стратегии лечения. Наибольшее преимущество ЧКВ в отношении снижения частоты госпитальной летальности было получено у коморбидных пациентов без проявлений ОСН.
The review presents a comparative analysis of data from patients with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries. Data were obtained from the total register of acute coronary syndrome in the Krasnodar Krai and were compared with data of foreign registers.
Background Myocardial infarction (MI) without obstructive lesion of coronary arteries (MINOCA) has incidence to 14%. Despite its high prevalence, MINOCA is paid not enough attention, therefore some patients can not receive appropriate treatment. Aim Evaluating the long-term results of clinical observation in patients with MINOCA in comparison with patients with obstructive damage and the subsequent revascularization of myocardium. Material On the basis of Scientific Research Institute RCH – 1 the multicenter cohort observation was organized. Patients from the register CROCS (the register of acute coronary syndrome in Krasnodar Region) with the diagnosis MI were divided into two groups: MINOCA including patients without obstructive damage of coronary arteries and MINOCA including patients with obstructive injury and the subsequent stenting a heart attack connected artery. All patients in 12 months would have control assessment during which they had objective survey; electrocardiography; daily monitoring; test of six-minute walking, echocardiography. Results In the MINOCA group in 12 months after the acute coronary event in 21.5% cases there were tension stenocardia, in 16.2% – a painless form of myocardial ischemia was revealed, in a group of patients with MINOCA stenocardia of tension was revealed at 12.5% and 8.4% – with painless ischemia. The group of patients with MINOCA is characterized by more reliable decrease in both parameters of heart rate variability, and turbulence of heart rate. MINOCA is followed by statistically significant increase in risk of ACS development and death within 12 months. All indicators had reliable difference. Conclusion Patients with MINOCA are a special group, their differential characteristics demand definite diagnostic efforts.
Aim: to elucidate risk factors of development of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and to assess of patient’s adherence to oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT) during 12 months after ACS episode according to the data of the Total ACS Registry for the Krasnodar Territory.Materials and methods. In this retrospective analysis we used Registry data on patients with ACS and concomitant AF, consecutively admitted to cardiological departments of the S.V. Ochapovsky Territorial Clinical Hospital from 20/11/2015 to 20/02/18. Number of patients in the analyzed group was 201 (52 with AF which first appeared in connection with the index ACS). Survivors after hospital discharge were contacted by telephone and at planned visits. The analysis included assessment of rates of the following outcomes: inhospital death, hemorrhagic and thromboembolic complications, prognostic efficacy of the CRISADE and HAS BLED scores, and expediency of prescription to patients with ACS and concomitant first AF episode of prolonged OAT after hospital discharge.Results. Demographic and anamnestic data of patients with the first AF attack at the background of ACS were like those of patients with other types of AF. This group of patients was characterized by more severe course of the disease, but this produced no impact on inhospital mortality and rate of complications, as well as on mortality for 12 months after hospital discharge.Conclusion. The results of this analysis are important for understanding distinctive characteristics of patients with AF first developed during ACS.
Purpose To evaluate the features of treatment and outcomes in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome. Methods The elderly group comprised 2385 (28.9%) patients ≥75 years of the 8249 patients enrolled in the KRACS registry. Results When comparing patients of different ages, it was shown that among the elderly, dyspnoea was the most common manifestation of ACS, 9% vs 4% (p=0.015), they were less often hospitalized in “invasive” hospitals - 36% vs 49% (p=0.003), At admission, they often had the class Killip ≥ II - 36% vs 17% (p<0.001), a high risk for the GRASE-68% vs 30% (p<0.001). In addition, in elderly patients significantly lowered levels of Hb and increased creatinine were detected more often. Drug treatment of elderly patients was characterized by less frequent use of ticagrelor - 3% vs 21% (p<0.001), LMWH or fondaparinux - 4% vs 12% (p=0.004). Thrombolytic therapy in STEMI in the elderly was more often streptokinase - 30% vs 18% (p=0.04), less often - tissue activator plasminogen - 2% vs 10% (p=0.03). The frequency of performing any invasive interventions for any type of ACS in elderly patients was significantly lower - 16.7% vs 46.3% (p<0.0001), and the incidence of fatal outcomes during hospitalization for any type of ACS was significantly higher - 16, 0% vs 6.1% (p<0.0001). When assessing the incidence of fatalities in different facilities, it was found that STEMI, patients ≥75 years old hospitalized in “invasive” hospitals died significantly less frequently than when they got into “non-invasive” hospitals - 15.6% vs 50.0% (p=0.013). At the same time, among patients <75 years hospital mortality in “invasive” and “non-invasive” hospitals was not significantly different - 14.7% vs 9.9% (p=0.50). There was also a clear trend towards a higher incidence of deaths among elderly patients who were left without PCI, compared with those who had been intervened. In patients <75 years, this trend was absent. Conclusion Thus, the results obtained indicate that elderly patients, with a higher risk and worse outcomes, receive treatment that is less consistent with the requirements of modern guidelines for the treatment of ACS. Important factors associated with better outcomes in elderly patients is their hospitalization in “invasive” hospitals and the implementation of PCI.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.