A -research concept and design; B -collection and/or assembly of data; C -data analysis and interpretation; D -writing the article; E -critical revision of the article; F -final approval of the article Due to the technogenic load, first of all, the quality of the air basin is disturbed. More than 80 % of diseases depend to some extent on its quality, but in an industrial city, atmospheric pollution determines the priority of pathology of respiratory organs.The purpose of the work was to study the peculiarities of the development of pathological conditions of the respiratory organs in the population living in conditions of significant atmospheric pollution.Materials and methods. Industrial emissions into the air basin from enterprises of the metallurgical industry were investigated. The type of violations of ventilation functions (obstruction, restriction, obstruction on the background of restriction) was determined from the "flow -volume" curve of the forced expiration. The incidence was studied according to the statistical materials of hospitals.Results. The residents of the industrial city have a complex of ecotoxicants, which leads to a dangerous degree of pollution and a very contaminated level. In 53.8 % of the city's residents there are deviations in the ventilation function (by the method of the flow -volume curve analysis) due to the development of obstructive changes in the bronchopulmonary apparatus of the upper respiratory tract. After 49 years of living in such conditions, nearly in all the population prenosological conditions are registered (91.7-93.9 %). With prolonged residence in conditions of contamination, obstruction significantly increases against the background of restriction. The incidence of respiratory diseases in adults is higher with a high level of use of production capacity.Conclusions. In 53.8 % of the inhabitants of the industrial city, there are deviations in the ventilation function due to the development of obstructive changes in the broncho-pulmonary apparatus of the upper respiratory tract (obstruction combined with a restriction and obstruction).With age, the proportion of persons with prenosological conditions of respiratory function increases, especially at the age of 30-39 and 40-49 years. A high degree correlation exists between air pollution and population morbidity. Thus, the correlation coefficient between the total city air pollution indexes and respiratory diseases is 0.72 (P < 0.01) in adults and 0.66 (P < 0.05) in children.
Ключові слова: функціональна система, функціонування організму, акцептор результату дії, адаптація студентів до навчання Key words: functional system, functioning of the body, acceptor of result of action, adaptation of students to learn Реферат. Гигиено-дидактические критерии адаптации к начальному этапу обучения в высших учебных заведениях. Гребняк Н.П., Щудро С.А., Федорченко Р.А. Реформирование высшего образования в условиях глубоких социально-экономических преобразований обуславливает как оптимизацию профессиональной подготовки, так и развитие функциональных возможностей организма для будущей трудовой деятеьности. Особое значение в силу встраивания в сложную систему новой образовательной среды имеет начальный этап обучения. Целью работы явилось изучение особенностей адаптационного процесса у студентов-медиков первого курса. Функциональное состояние организма студентов изучено по зрительно-моторной реакции, функции внимания, скорости переработки информации, темппинг-тесту. Обследовано 179 студентов-медиков первого курса. Все студенты не имели патологии со стороны органов зрения, слуха, сердечно-сосудистой системы. В эксперименте также не участвовали лица с вредными привычками. От студентов было получено информационное согласие на участие в обследованиях. Проанализирована успеваемость. В основе адаптации студентов к обучению находится функциональная система организма. Установлена выраженная корреляционная связь между успеваемостью и скоростью мыслительных процессов (r=0,63, р<0,01), функцией внимания (r=0,47, р<0,05), коэффициентом мотометрии (r=0,45, р<0,05), объёмом зрительной памяти (r=0,43, р<0,05). Характер распределения указанных показателей свидетельствует о целесообразности использования сигмального отклонения для оценки степени адаптации.Abstract. Hygiene and didactic criteria of adaptation to the initial stage of training in higher education establishments. Grebnyak N.P., Schudro S.A., Fedorchenko R.A. Reform of higher education in the conditions of deep social and economic transformations determines both optimization of professional training and development of functional capacity of the organism for future work. The initial stage of training is of particular importance due to incorporation into a complex new system of educational environment. The aim of the work -to study the characteristics of adaptation process in the first-year students. Functional state of students' organism was studied by visual-motor response, function of attention, speed, of information processing, tepping-test. This cross-sectional study included 179 first-year medical students. Students with a history of hearing or visual disorder, smoking, alcoholism, cardiovascular and respiratory disease and on medication which affects cognitive performance were excluded from the study. Participation in the test was voluntary and informed written consent was taken from each participant. Academic performance was analyzed. Pearson correlation has been used to find the significance of relationship between the speed of thought processes, fu...
The aim is to explore the possibilities of improving motor and sensitive disorders to ensure the highest possible social adaptation - the expansion of self-service skills, opportunities for affordable employment, or the restoration of professional activity flax. Methods: To study the possibilities of improving the social reintegration of patients during rehabilitation in a mud resort, we observed 240 patients who had an injury to the cervical spine 24 years. Disease duration ranged before 3 years, 4-7 years, more 7 years. We studied the occupational therapy method and group psychotherapy method. All patients were divided into three representative groups: 91 patients (group 1) received a course of balneoplasty therapy in the form of mud applications on the spine and lower limbs at a temperature 42-44 0C, exposure time 20 min, placement of procedures - every other day, for a total of 12-15 procedures per treatment; on days free of mud cure, hydrokinesitherapy was performed in a pool with warm (29-32 0С) brine water, 12-15 procedures, and also apparatus physiotherapy procedures, massage and exercise therapy. In addition to the course of balneopedotherapy, 149 patients also received ergo-therapy and psychotherapy (90 people - group 2) and only occupational therapy - 59 people (group 3). Results: Improvement of post-traumatic organic neurological disorders caused by balneo-mud therapy creates a favorable basis for conducting training activities that expand patients’ functionality. The inclusion of ergotherapy in the rehabilitation process of spinal patients in a balneo-mud resort is appropriate and justified. It allows not only to expand the functionality of patients but also to reduce the time to master the essential self-care skills and consolidate them. Conclusion: The inclusion of psychotherapy in the complex of occupational therapy is desirable. It allows you to influence the psycho-emotional state of the patient and improve the effectiveness of training activities, especially in male patients. Changing the hospital and closed home atmosphere to the conditions of the resort, the possibility of broad communication, participation in various social events significantly change the psycho-emotional state of patients, increasing their activity, causing an increase in the setting for inclusion inactive life.
The article analyzes the incidence of the population of Ukraine and the Zaporozhye region by class of diseases of the cardiovascular system, studied the structure and causes of mortality from CVD, cardiovascular disease risk factors.It is established that the number of adults who have diseases of the cardiovascular system in Ukraine has reached 26,4 million (58% of the population), more than 400 thousand. people die every year, about 14-15 people out of every 10 thousand adults become disabled. It was found that urban residents of the Zaporozhye region more often than rural (1,3 times, p <0,05) have CVD, and in Melitopol, Zaporozhye, Bilmatsky, Orekhovsky, Veselovsky and Berdyansky districts the incidence rate exceeds the national rate. In V-Belozersky, Zaporozhye, Mikhailovsky, Rozovsky and N-Nikolaevsky areas high levels of morbidity on a hypertensive disease with excess of republican level within 1,5-3,5 times (р<0,05) are
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.