In this article, a series of silver-containing dressings are prepared by metal-vapor synthesis (MVS), and their antibacterial properties are investigated. The antibacterial activity of the dressings containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against some Gram-positive, and Gram-negative microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Moraxella spp.) has been determined. Based on the plasmon resonance frequency of these nanoparticles, the frequency of laser irradiation of the dressing was chosen. The gauze bandage examined showed pronounced antibacterial properties, especially to Staphylococcus aureus strain. When 470 nm laser radiation, with a power of 5 mW, was applied for 5 min, 4 h after inoculating the Petri dish, and placing a bandage containing silver nanoparticles on it, the antibacterial effect of the latter significantly increased—both against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. The structure and chemical composition of the silver-containing nanocomposite were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS). The synthesized AgNPs demonstrate narrow and monomodal particle size distribution with an average size of 1.75 nm. Atoms of metal in Ag/bandage system are mainly in Ag0 state, and the oxidized atoms are in the form of Ag-Ag-O groups.
Comparison of the healing rates of different wound types using natural and synthetic polymers, containing silver nanoparticles. Experimental purulent and aseptic wounds are created on white rats. In the course of treatment, dressings are performed daily, including photographing the wound and applying various types of nanocomposite polymer materials. Cotton gauze, which is a polysaccharide, is taken as a natural polymer. The synthetic polymer is a nonwoven hydro‐bonded polypropylene material produced by extrusion of polypropylene filaments. Silver nanoparticles used in the study are obtained by the metal‐steam synthesis method. It is found that in all animals with aseptic or purulent created wound in the first 4 days of the experiment, an increase in the area of the wound is observed with respect to the initial one, much less pronounced in the presence of silver nanoparticles in the material. On the following days of treatment, up to complete healing, the decrease in the wound area in relation to the initial one in the experimental group (with silver nanoparticles) occurs more intensively than in the control group of animals (p < 0.05). Both natural and synthetic polymeric materials coated with silver nanoparticles synthesized by metal‐steam synthesis method accelerate the healing of both experimental aseptic and purulent wounds. However, the rate of wound healing when using natural or synthetic materials differs depending on the type of wound and the presence of microbial contamination, which should be taken into account when creating a new generation of dressings.
A quantitative assessment of the antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles on polyantibiotic-resistant grampositive and gram-negative microorganisms was carried out. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by the environmentally friendly metal-steam synthesis method. The size and electronic state of nanoparticles were investigated by transmission electron and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The antibacterial properties of nanomaterials were assessed on two clinical pathogenic strains of gram-positive and four strains of gram-negative microorganisms. The typing and assessment of bacterial resistance to antibiotics were carried out on a microbiological analyzer. The antibacterial effect of nanoparticles was quantitatively assessed using the dilution method and the determination of the minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations.It was found that the studied silver nanoparticles have sizes in the range from 5 to 24 nm with an average diameter of 10.8 nm. It was shown that all clinical strains of microorganisms used in the study are characterized by multiple antibacterial resistance; the percentage of their antibiotic resistance ranges from 12.5 to 93.3 %. It was found that for the studied microorganism, the values of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) are in the range from 7.81 to 31.25 μg/ml, and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) is in the range from 31.25 to 62.50 μg/ml. The obtained MIC and MBC data can be used to create promising antimicrobial drugs and medical next generation devices.
УО «Гродненский государственный университет им. Я. Купалы», Гродно, Беларусь Введение. Актуальной проблемой хирургии является поиск новых и перспективных перевязочных материалов для лечения ран. Одним из вариантов может стать гидроскреплённый нетканый материал с наночастицами серебра, полученными методом лазерной абляции. Цель исследования. Изучение влияния гидроскреплённого нетканого материала, содержащего наночастицы серебра разных размеров, на заживление экспериментальной асептической кожной раны, а также влияние данного перевязочного материала на показатели общего и биохимического анализов крови и определение их возможной токсичности на печень, почки и миокард. Материал и методы. Наночастицы серебра получали методом лазерной абляции в жидкости. Ранозаживляющий эффект оценивали на модели асептической кожной раны у лабораторных белых крыс. После заживления раны производился забор крови для выполнения общего и биохимического анализов. Токсическое влияние гидроскреплённого перевязочного материала на печень, почки и миокард оценивалось патоморфологически и по изменениям в биохимическом анализе крови. Результаты. Полученные данные продемонстрировали ускорение заживления экспериментальной асептической кожной раны при использовании наночастиц серебра на 9,2-15,6% и отсутствие токсического влияния наночастиц серебра на печень, почки, миокард, а также существенных изменений в показателях общего и биохимического анализов крови. Выводы. Гидроскреплённый нетканый материал с наночастицами серебра ускоряет заживление асептической кожной раны, при этом не оказывает токсического влияния на печень, почки и миокард. Может применяться в клинической практике после дополнительного изучения. Ключевые слова: раневые покрытия, экспериментальная асептическая рана, наночастицы серебра.
The creation and implementation of new methods of study and local wound care occur in stages: in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials. The fundamental point of this process is to study the effect of the proposed agent on the experimental wound healing models of laboratory animals taking into consideration the common healing phases of course and similarity of animal wound healing with human one. At the initial stage the main problems faced by the researcher include the selection of the optimal experimental animal, while animal models are suitable for many skindisorders. The lack of strong evidence and relevant guidelines regarding the most appropriate form of local-wound care in literature and the fragmentation of the available information lead to the fact that during the development of the experiment, the scientists spend time, resources and operate on an additional number of animals. This article summarizes the literature data on the applied modeling methods as for the most common and rare types of skin wounds including burns and trophic ulcers in various laboratory animals. Those who prepared the experiment shouldhavepaidcloserattentionto thefeatures of creating such wounds and nuances so as the proven techniques of their creation in various species are shown. Variants of the course and prospects for the development of this area of surgery are presented.
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