Резюме. Рассматриваются вопросы воздействия разнообразных экологических факторов, при которых обнаруживаются развитие адаптационных механизмов микобактерий. На основе анализа литературных данных и собственных наблюдений авторы приходят к выводу о том, что благодаря высокой устойчивости и развитым адаптационным механизмам эти микроорганизмы получили широкое распространение в окружающей среде и циркулируют в организмах многих животных и человека. Abstract. Aim. Adaptation possibilities of mycobacteria in the conditions of existence in the external environment and habitats of animals and man are studied. Adaptation mechanisms, which have pathogenic mycobacteria, allow them to survive long and circulate in the environment, which leads to special sanitary and epidemiological value of pathogens of tuberculosis. Location. Russia, Dagestan. Results. Mycobacterium tuberculosis has a high resistance to influence of cold, heat, chemical and physical factors, moisture and light. They carry high and low temperatures, while more than a year pathogenic properties, and even more in the dark and without sunlight. It should be noted that the stability of pathogenic species of mycobacteria in the external environment is relatively lower than that of saprophytes, capable of quickly adapting to the external environment. Raonin's groups have more widespread in environment, in water, soil, air, plants, and habitats of animals, products of plant and animal origin and their often isolated from clinical samples. Main conclusions. Environmental conditions define the intensity of habitats of any species of mycobacteria in certain landscapes and their circulation in macroorganism. The impact of the various elements of the environment both in the macro-and microorganisms is a response that was the basis for the development of the doctrine about "limiting factors". This concept applies not only to the necessary for mycobacteria chemical elements, but also to all the other environmental factors (temperature, humidity, aeration conditions etc). Minimum and maximum intensity factors determine the limits of endurance species. Beyond these limits, due to sharply expressed extreme conditions and is portable microorganism existence of species is not possible. The most favorable for the species optimum intensity of environmental factors, usually occupied a middle position. This provision is significantly narrower than the limits of endurance species. At the same time, the nature and mechanisms of interaction of microorganisms with macroorganism just as diverse and play a decisive role in the life and evolution of many species of bacteria, which is an important environmental factor in determining the many sides of evolutionary changes of humans and animals.
Институт прикладной э кологии РД 2 Дагестанский государственный технический университет 3 ГНУ Прикаспийский зональный НИВИ 4 Комитет ветеринарии РД Дается обзор по распространению туберкулеза в мире, в России и в Республике Дагестан, связанного с заражением людей от больных животных. Особое внимание обращено на пути передачи инфекции по трофической цепи и посредством факторов внешней среды от животных человеку. The survey of tuberculosis spreading in the world, Russia and Dagestan Republic, connected with peoples infection from sick animals, in given. Special attention is paid to the ways of infections transmission from animals to man.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.