The one of the ways of solving question of high-quality cleaning of vegetables is the use of combined methods of cleaning, their study and creation of equipment. The improvement of process for its realization and equipment support at trade enterprises, restaurant economy and mini-factories is a topical task. The expedience of elaboration and introduction of combined processes and equipment for their realization at institutions of the restaurant economy and vegetable-processing enterprises give a possibility to exclude the additional equipment for calibration, sorting, washing, additional cleaning. It, in its turn, will provide the safety at production, favoring the more rational use of resources.
The one of most prospective directions of intensification of process of cleaning of the vegetable raw material is an elaboration of combined methods and new specialized apparatuses, which work principle is based on combination of the processes of cleaning of product.
The experimental setting was elaborated with correspondent methodology that allows carry out the study of process of cleaning of onion with possible determination of influence of all its parameters on the percent of the raw material losses and effectiveness of product cleaning. It is provided due to the presence of work drum in experimental setting that rotates around its axis. The rotation frequency can be changed within the necessary diapason. The work drum has on its surface the special orifices for cutting off the inedible part of onion. The experimental setting also includes tensometric module that allows determine the effort of separation of peel from onion.
The use of apparatus for cleaning of onion will give a possibility to intensify process, to improve the quality of cleaning, to decrease the percent of raw material losses.
моделирование процесса иЗвлечения ионов никеля иЗ комбинированных растворов Исследовано извлечение ионов Ni 2+ из комбинированного раствора с использованием сильнокислотной гелевой катио нообменной смолы и композиционного ионита на ее основе, содержащего агрегаты наночастиц гидрофосфата циркония. С помощью планирования эксперимента получены модели про цесса извлечения ионов Ni 2+ из раствора с помощью поли мерного и органонеорганического ионита. ключевые слова: ионообмен, очистка воды, ионы никеля, кальция, магния, математическая модель, пл анирование экс перимента.
The proposed engineering and technological solutions are aimed at improving the operation of a low-temperature drum grain dryer by using a combined mechanical vibration exciter, with the further justification of low-temperature regime parameters. Existing vibration technologies imply the high-temperature drying of food grains with further utilization of spent heat carrier for reheating it. In this case, the high-temperature drying of cereals and seed crops (grains, onions, etc.) does not make it possible to maintain high germination, emphasizing the need for low-temperature treatment, which, in this case, reduces the efficiency of spent heat carrier. Therefore, to improve the efficiency of the drying process and technology, it has been proposed to employ vibration low-frequency technologies that ensure seed quality. The trajectory and the kinetic energy of the drum container with a combined mechanical vibration exciter have been calculated for the improved vibratory drum grain dryer. The rational vibration intensity for seed drying providing the following kinetic characteristics has been established: vibration speed, to 0.03 m/s; vibration acceleration, 30 m/s 2 ; vibration intensity, 2.6 m 2 /s 2 ; at amplitude vibration not exceeding 2 mm. It has been also established that the intense warming of a barley layer occurs at a temperature of 50 °C and a humidity of 13.5 %, the final temperature is 42.4 °C, and, at 40 °C, is, accordingly, 35.4 °C. This has confirmed that the low-temperature drying of barley seeds of the variety "Stalker" (Ukraine) takes place during the periods of constant and falling drying speed characterized by a high level of germination (95...93 %)
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