Background. Changes in the conditions of human existence have sharpened our sense of time. Today’s cultural space has adapted our perception of art to the simultaneous existence in “offline” and “online” forms. This new reality needs its artistic embodiment. When a contemporary composer, whose name has not yet gained widespread recognition, succeeds in accomplishing such a task, it demonstrates the opening of a new page in national art and becomes an interesting and significant event. Such an event is piano music of our contemporary Yurii Reshetar, which has not yet become the subject of scientific comprehension. The research methodology. The study is based on a synthesis of traditional musicological (genre-stylistic and comparative analysis) and modern, interpretive approaches, which are based on a question about the factors that determined the basic components of the author’s vision. Results. Yurii Reshetar is a composer whose work is endowed with a sharp sense of beauty and uniqueness of musical language. The musical genres to which Yu. Reshetar refers belong to the classical treasury, but in the author’s interpretation they acquire a new sound. Yu. Reshetar has a unique biography. He got into the composition at the age of 30. Lack of professional education did not hinder the dynamic growth and acquisition of true compositional skill. An interested appeal to early genres is seen in the large creative heritage of the composer. Toccata, which has been included by the author in the “16 Concert Etudes” collection, is one of the many works of the composer, which embodied the ideas of movement and time. Toccata style can be found in his numerous works: in “16 Concert Etudes” cycle, in Sonata for piano in E minor, in Gigue from the Suite for Piano. Toccata was created on October 17, 2017, it has a program content, which the author designates with the words “Purifying by fire”. To realize the chosen artistic content, the composer aptly chooses a form, which is unusual for toccata. This is an atypical rondo: A B A В1 A, where the main theme (the theme of “fire”) is a refrain, and the theme of B and B1 is associated with the changing of spirit state of man under the influence of fire. The texture formula of the main theme of toccata by repetitions and leaps of the main sound up and down the octave, resembles the unexpected flashes of flames. Toccata by Yu. Reshetar is written in E flat minor. Performing of a virtuoso work on black keys has its own peculiarities: even if a performer is familiar with the pianistic difficulties, this additional difficulty encourages special concentration and control over hand coordination, to sharpening of the rationalization of movements and accuracy of finger movements. The standard of Toccata performance is its author’s interpretation, which is publicly available on the YouTube channel. The performance impresses with a balance between the clear logic of building the form and the artistic richness of the music. Toccata’s music requires from the performer versatility of interpretation: of the artistic sense, understanding of the stylistic synthesis, creation of a modern image of the piano sound and the novelty of tonal-harmonic colors, developed metro-rhythmic sense, the ability to express the individuality. But the pianistic convenience of textural presentation is evidence of the author’s natural feeling the laws of piano performance. Such impressions were shared by pianist Anastasia Zakharchenko, who performed Toccata during a competition held at the Lviv National Musical Academy named after Mykola Lysenko in December 2017. The toccata concept has also found its artistic embodiment in other works of the composer. Energy of modernity reflected in the intention of the directed ostinato movement is also skillfully embodied by Yu. Reshetar in the “16 Concert Etudes” cycle op. 38 (21.09.2019). Each of etudes is a pearl that reveals the harmonious combination of the uniqueness of the author’s stylistic qualities, the modernity of artistic thinking and the unexpected originality of texture finds. The capriciousness of figurative characteristics is embodied with such imagination and inventiveness that even a high level of technical complexity will not be an obstacle for the enthusiastic mastering of this cycle by performers. “Concert style” underlined by the author is achieved through the using of various composing methods and techniques, among which the most weight is the toccata style. The refined aesthetics of baroque music acquires its charming and convincing embodiment in Yu. Reshetar’s “Barogue Suite for Piano”. The suite consists of 7 pieces, each of which is a traditional part of the suite cycle of that era: Allemanda, Courante, Menuet, Aria, Gavotte, Sarabande, Gigue. The final piece of the cycle unobtrusively embodies the toccata’s principle of the ostinato movement, which is elegantly combined with the characteristic dance metro-rhythmic and ornamentation-intonational features of the baroque gigue. The refined author’s stylization is full of composer’s respect and special honoring of old traditions. Conclusions. Numerous Yu. Reshetar’s appeals to toccata style as to the embodiment of the image of continuous movement as a symbol of time and creative activity of a man emphasize that toccata and toccata style became one of the artistic preferences of the composer and the characteristic of his style. Every example of toccata style in the above-mentioned piano works by Yu. Reshetar becomes a real discovery. The composer proves to the listeners of his works that the toccata code has preserved endless prospect for its development and renewal.
Міжнародні відносини в епоху постмодерну характеризуються виникненням унікальних міжнародних конфліктів, особливістю яких є гібридний характер. Досліджуючи один із інструментів гібридизації-«гібридні війни», вчені приходять до висновків, що до арсеналу інструментів «гібридної» війни, серед іншого, входять політична пропаганда, дезінформація, економічні важелі впливу та технології викривлення інформаційного простору. Все перелічене можна віднести до сфери стратегічних комунікацій негативного спрямування. Ряд дослідників визнають, що на сьогоднішній день майже зникли міждержавні та колоніальні конфлікти, а домінуючою формою конфлікту став внутрішньодержавний (або громадянський). Важливим аспектом тут є той факт, що такі конфлікти часто відбуваються з залученням гравців з інших держав, таким чином перетворюючись з внутрішньодержавних на міжнародні гібридизовані. Врегулювання конфлікту не викорінює існуючих протиріч, які лежать в основі конфлікту, а всього лише прагне максимально їх згладити і виробити правильну формулу компромісного рішення, яка перешкоджає подальшій ескалації конфлікту. Політичний конфлікт може бути перерваним на будь-якій зі стадій його розгортання, якщо його основні причини будуть викоренені. Саме цю мету й має переслідувати процес стратегічних комунікацій у розв'язанні конфліктів. Стратегічні комунікації стосовно врегулювання міжнародних конфліктів спрямовані як на глобальне безпекове середовище, яке постійно змінюється, так і на виклики (можливості) в інформаційному середовищі завдяки ретельній координації, синхронізації та взаємодії різних комунікаційних функцій у сфері міжнародних відносин. У статті проаналізована динаміка міждержавних конфліктів Серед важливих інструментів урегулювання сучасних міжнародних конфліктів особливо відзначають дипломатію та її основну формустратегічні комунікації. International relations in the postmodern era are characterized by the emergence of unique international conflicts, the feature of which is a hybrid nature. Examining one of the tools of hybridization-"hybrid wars", scientists conclude that the arsenal of tools of "hybrid" war, among other things, includes political propaganda, disinformation, economic leverage and technology to distort the information space. All of the above can be attributed to the sphere of strategic communications of a negative nature. A number of researchers acknowledge that interstate and colonial conflicts have almost disappeared to date, and that domestic (or civil) conflicts have become the dominant form of conflict. An important aspect here is the fact that such conflicts often occur with the involvement of players from other states, thus turning from domestic to international hybridized. Conflict resolution does not eradicate the existing contradictions underlying the conflict, but only seeks to smooth them out as much as possible and work out the correct formula for a compromise solution that prevents further escalation of the conflict. A political conflict can be interrupted at any stage of its development if its root causes...
Life of outstanding Hungarian investigators of flora was described and geography their scientific collections was analysed. The main attention was paid to herbarium collections, gathered or identified by A. Tauscher, V. Borbas, V. Janka in XIX century, which are components of E. E. Lindemann's herbarium-a valuable historical herbarium of Odesa Mechnykov National University (MSUD) included into the list of objects, which represent national property of Ukraine. The species from MSUD collection, collected and identified by the named scientists, are presented.
Проаналізовано склад ексикатів, представлених у колекції Й.К. Пачоського 86 примірниками, що належать до 80 видів з 14 різновидами з 57 (58) родів та 26 (27) родин, які зібрані у 1892-1909 рр. Усі рослини характеризують флору Польщі (у межах того часу) і Бессарабії. Проаналізовано систематичний спектр, місця збору рослин, вказано колекторів, що приймали участь у зборах. Вказано рідкісні та зникаючі види рослин.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.